冰雪对珠峰北坡绒布河谷局地环流影响的数值试验  

Simulation of the Effects of Glacier Cover on Local Circulation in the Rongbuk Valley

作　　者：马舒坡[1] 周立波[1] 邹捍[1] 张美根[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所低层大气探测部 [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所LAPC,北京100029

出　　处：《高原气象》2007年第6期1214-1223,共10页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX3-SW-231);国家自然科学基金委重点项目(40533018);中国科学院大气物理研究所前沿领域创新项目(8-070203)共同资助

摘　　要：利用RAMS中尺度模式对珠峰北坡绒布河谷地区的局地环流进行了数值模拟,包括控制试验和敏感试验。观测结果表明,珠峰北坡绒布河谷地区午后盛行来自珠峰方向的偏南风,这与其他山区的山谷风日变化存在显著差异。与观测结果比较,模拟结果(控制试验)能够较好地再现绒布河谷中的偏南主导气流。模拟结果(敏感试验)还显示,在去除高大山体的冰雪下垫面后,绒布河谷地区下午仍可存在偏南气流,但偏南风出现时间明显滞后,此时该气流来自珠峰南坡的强劲偏南谷风气流。因此,我们认为珠峰北坡的冰雪表面对绒布河谷地区盛行的偏南气流存在很大影响,但热力驱动的山谷风环流也是维持该地区强烈下泄流的主要原因。The strong southerly valley winds prevail in the Rongbuk Valley on the northern slope of Mr. Qomolangma from noon to mid-night, which is different from diurnal mountain-valley wind in other mountains. In this paper, we use RAMS model to simulate the local wind in Rongbuk Valley, and the control experiment shows that RAMS can reproduce the strong predominating southerly wind in the Rongbuk Valley. To study the effects of glacier/snow cover on the local wind, we run a removing glacier/snow cover numerical simulation. The sensitivity experiment shows even though the glacier/snow vegetation has been substituted with bare ground, southerly wind can still develop in the valley from late afternoon （17：00 BJT）. So glacier/snow cover play a very important role in the local wind in Rongbuk Valley, and thermally driven valley wind in the south slope of Mr. Qomolangma is the main factor to maintain the southerly wind in Rongbuk Valley from late afternoon to night.

关 键 词：珠峰北坡 局地环流 冰雪表面 RAMS 数值模拟 

分 类 号：P435.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]