长江中游宜昌～沙市段河床冲淤与枯水位变化  

Effect of channel degradation on lower level in Yichang-Shashi reach in the Yangtze River

作　　者：孙昭华[1] 李义天[1] 李明 葛华[1] 

机构地区：[1]水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室武汉大学,湖北武汉430072 [2]长江航道规划设计研究院,湖北武汉430011

出　　处：《水利水运工程学报》2007年第4期14-20,共7页Hydro-Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2003CB415200)

摘　　要：通过对历史资料的系统分析，讨论了荆江裁弯、葛洲坝运行、三峡水库蓄水等事件引起的宜昌．沙市河段沿程河床冲淤、水位变化等现象，并结合数值试验讨论了两者之间的关系．结果表明，早期阶段河床冲刷是引起水位下降的主要原因，随着冲刷发展，芦家河等河段发挥了越来越强的控制作用，冲刷对芦家河以上水位的影响越来越小，而芦家河～沙市河段却出现局部水面比降逐渐增大的现象．这说明长期冲刷过程中沙卵石河段河床形态对水位的控制作用越来越强．Based on systematic analysis of historical data, the study of the effects of human disturbance including the cutoff projects in the Jingjiang reach and of the impoundment of Gezhouba Reservoir and Three Georges Reservoir on the channel degradation process between Yichang and Shashi in the middle Yangtze River is carried out. The discussion is focused on the relation between channel erosion volume and lower level change. It is found that the water level lowering process is mainly controlled by erosion volume in the early stage of historical channel degradation, but in recent period lower level depends much on certain pivotal reach segments with special geological and morphological features, such as the Lujiahe Reach. The effect of channel erosion on water level is becoming less obvious in the upstream of Lujiahe Reach, but the surface slope between Lujiahe and Shashi is increasing gradually. This indicates that the water level controlling function of the special channel morphology of this reach is becoming greater.

关 键 词：沙卵石河段 河床冲刷 枯水位下降 宜昌~沙市河段 数值试验 三峡水库 

分 类 号：TV147.5[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]