氮、磷、钾对益母草生长及水苏碱和总生物碱影响的研究  

Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium on seedling growth and stachydrine and total alkaloid from Leonurus japonicus

作　　者：张燕[1] 王文全[1] 杜世雄 魏菊[1] 解军波[1] 侯富强[3] 许永新[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学中药学院,北京100102 [2]北京济世恩康中草药种植中心,北京101511 [3]北京市农业局,北京100029

出　　处：《中草药》2007年第12期1881-1884,共4页Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs

基　　金：国家发改委北京中药材良种选育基地建设系统工程(8);北京市自然科学基金课题(6042021)

摘　　要：目的研究氮、磷、钾肥对益母草生长发育及次生代谢物的影响。方法采用大田试验与室内分析相结合的方法。结果益母草各项生长、产量及水苏碱和总生物碱的量基本均为复肥型高于单肥型，复肥型中又以营养平衡型大于营养失调型，但单施氮肥对以上各项指标均有很大促进作用。在复肥型中，足量磷元素与氮元素的合理配施可以提高氮的肥效。结论以益母草株高、叶片数、分蘖数、产量及水苏碱和总生物碱的量为评价标准，根据氮、磷、钾二次肥料数学模型的计算结果，确定最佳施肥量为：N：37．5～44．0g／m^2，P：37．4～54．3g／m^2，K：31．6～34．4g／m^2，氮、磷、钾的最佳配比为4：4．5：3．3。Objective To study the effects of different levels and combinations of nitrogen （N）, phosphorus （P）, and potassium （K） on the growth and secondary metabolites of Leonurus japonicus. Methods The growth and yield quantities and stachydrine and total alkaloid contents of L. japonicus in different fertilization treatments were investigated and compared in the combination of trial field and indoor analysis. Results The growth quantities and stachydrine and total alkaloid contents of L. japonicus in complex fertilization treatments are better than those in single element fertilization treatment, and in complex fertilization treatments, nutrition balance types are better than maladjustment type. However, nitrogen fertilizer plays a great role in promoting the above indexes. In complex fertilization treatments, reasonably fertilizing P together with N can improve the uptaking efficiency of nitrogen. Conclusion According to the results of fertilization mathematic model, the optimum fertilization dosages should be primarily defined as N： 37. 5-44. 0 g/m^2, P： 37. 4-54. 3 g/m^2, K： 31. 6-34. 4 g/m^2, the optimum fertilization dosage ratio of N-P-K is 4 ： 4.5 ： 3.3 based on the height and numbers of leaf and tillering of L. japonicus as well as yield and the contents of stachydrine and total alkaloids.

关 键 词：益母草 施肥 生长 产量 水苏碱 总生物碱 

分 类 号：R282.6[医药卫生—中药学]