用火山石载体生物膜和角叉菜去除水中氮和磷的效果  

Nitrogen and phosphate removal in aquaculture wastewater by a novel filter media vesuvianite and macroalga Chondrus ocellatus

作　　者：王华[1] 刘长发[1] 秦传新[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连水产学院海洋环境工程学院

出　　处：《大连水产学院学报》2007年第6期421-425,共5页Journal of Dalian Fisheries University

基　　金：欧盟第五框架计划国际合作项目(ICA4-CT-2001-10025)

摘　　要：用一种新型的火山石生物膜载体和大型海藻角叉菜Chondrus ocellatus处理牙鲆Paralichthys olivaceus养殖废水,探讨了火山石生物膜载体和角叉菜对去除废水中总氨氮、硝酸态氮和磷酸盐的处理效果。结果表明:当牙鲆养殖废水中总氨氮浓度低于1.398 mg/L时,以火山石为生物膜载体的硝化滤器对废水中总氨氮的总去除效率维持在95%以上,对总氨氮去除率最高可以达到16.372 g/(m3.d);角叉菜作为生物滤器的适宜用量为3 mg/L,对硝酸态氮和磷酸盐的去除率分别为0.625 g/(m2.d)和0.046 g/(m2.d),其对水中硝酸态氮和磷酸盐的去除效果与孔石莼Ulva pertusa相近。这说明火山石生物膜载体和大型海藻角叉菜在养殖循环水净化方面具有很大应用潜力。This research deals with the potential of nutrient removal from the aquaculture wastewater using a novel filter media vesuvianite and the macroalga Chondrus ocellatus. Effluents from Japanese flounder rearing tank were supplied to macroalga culture tanks from the pretreatment nitrification filter. Determination of the filter media and macroalgae performance in these treatments was based on the exchange of dissolved nutrients （ammonia - N, nitrate -N, nitrite -N and orthophosphate）. The vesuvianite nitrification filter removed more than 95% of ammonia with the maximal remove rate of 16. 372 g/（ m^3·d）. The propriety proportion of Chondrus ocellatus in treating water was about 3 mg/L. The macroalgae biofilter tank removed 0. 625 g/（ m^2·d ） of the nitrate - N and 0.046 g/（m^2 ·d） of the orthophosphate from the fish culture pretreatment effluent, the efficiency as the same as Ulva pertusa. Clearly, the nitrification filter systems were efficient in toxic ammonia removing and the macroalgae were good candidate for further the effluent treating and maintaining the water quality within acceptable levels for reuse.

关 键 词：火山石 角叉菜 养殖废水 处理 

分 类 号：S912[农业科学—水产科学]