鲁北盐碱地区农民原发性高血压危险因素调查  

Risk factors of essential hypertension in rural saline-alkali zones of north Shandong Province

作　　者：杨春兰[1] 高希海[1] 季祥武[2] 金仲品[1] 

机构地区：[1]滨州职业学院医学系,山东省滨州市256603 [2]潍坊市人民医院,山东省潍坊市261042

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2007年第52期10451-10453,10457,共4页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：目的:调查分析鲁北盐碱地区农民原发性高血压的危险因素。方法:于2003-03/2004-03采用整群抽样方法,在滨州市滨城区及惠民、阳信、无棣、沾化县分别随机抽取2个村,共计10个自然村,对年龄35～74岁、户口在调查地、常住5年及以上2040名居民进行现况调查。采用访问入户的方式,对调查对象进行问卷调查和体格检查。问卷内容包括调查对象的基本情况、受教育程度、家庭经济状况、既往疾病史、心脑血管病家族史。采用3d24h饮食回忆法采集调查对象的生活方式,包括平素食物的种类、饮食中脂肪食物、食盐及含盐食物、吸烟和饮酒历史及量。排除影响身高、体质量的可能因素后,使用统一校准的医用身高体质量计测量身高、体质量。使用统一校准的汞柱式血压计测血压3次,取其平均值,收缩压≥140mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)和/或舒张压≥90mmHg,诊断为原发性高血压。受调查者以5岁为1个年龄组分为8个年龄组。使用SPSS10.0软件进行数据的统计分析,计量资料比较采用相关分析,计数资料比较采用χ2检验。结果:接受调查2040名居民均进入结果分析。①调查结果显示,原发性高血压总患病率为28.24%,其中男28.97%,女27.51%。标化患病率为26.10%,其中男26.86%,女25.31%。②原发性高血压患病率总体上无性别差异,而<45岁者,各年龄组男性原发性高血压患病率均明显高于女性(P<0.01);原发性高血压患病率随着年龄增长、体质量指数增加、食盐摄入增多、人均年收入提高、受教育程度降低而明显上升(P<0.01);吸烟者、经常酗酒者和有高血压家族史者原发性高血压患病率明显升高。③高血压家族史、年龄、高盐饮食、吸烟、酗酒及超重与原发性高血压呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论:鲁北盐碱地区农民原发性高血压主要危险因素是:高盐饮食、吸烟、酗酒等不良生活方式。AIM： To investigate the risk factors of essential hypertension in rural people of saline-alkali zones in the north part of Shandong Province. METHODS： Between March 2003 and March 2004, a stratified cluster sampling technique was conducted to select 2 040 residents （≥ 5 years） aged 35-74 years old from ten villages （five towns of Binzhou district, 2 villages for each town）. In-home visit was used to investigate the subjects using questionnaires, including general condition, educational level, economic status, history of disease, family history of cerebrovascular disease. The life styles of the subjects were assessed using 24-hour dietary recall, consisting of kind of usual diet, fatty food, salt and salty food, history and dose of smoking and excessive drinking. Height and weight were measured using unified calibration, Blood pressure was surveyed with mercury sphygmomanometer for three times to obtain the mean value. Systolic pressure ≥ 140 mm Hg and/or diastolic pressure ≥ 90 mmHg was considered as essential hypertension. All the subject were divided into 8 age groups, taking 5 years as one group. SPSS 10.0 of statistical software was used for data analysis. Measurement data were compared with correlation analysis while enumeration data were compared with Х^2 test. RESULTS： All the surveyed 2 040 members entered into the result analysis. （1）The total morbidity of essential hypertension was 28.24% （male： 28.97%, female： 27.51%）. The standard morbidity was 26.10% （male： 26.86%, female： 25.31% ）. （2）The overall prevalence had no significant difference between the male and female subject, and the prevalence for male under 45 years old was obviously higher than that of the female （P 〈 0.01）. The prevalence rate of essential hypertension was significantly higher with the increase of age, body mass index, per capita income every year, salt capacity for eating and the decrease of education level （P 〈 0.01）. The prevalence rate was obviously higher in the subjects

关 键 词：高血压 危险因素 居民 

分 类 号：R544.11[医药卫生—心血管疾病]