师范大学生压力来源及特征  

Stress sources and characteristics in normal university students

作　　者：黄欣[1] 范丰慧[1] 张庆林[1] 谢琴红[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南师范大学心理学院,重庆市400715 [2]遵义医学院临床心理学系,贵州省遵义市563003

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2007年第52期10530-10533,共4页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：目的:调查师范生压力的主要来源及其特征,以期为学校心理健康工作提供理论依据。方法:施测于2005-03-18/04-08在西南师范大学3个校区完成。采用分层抽样,在原西南师范大学本科、专科和高职自考类师范生中按随机数字表法抽取640名被试,所有调查对象均知情同意。采用青少年生活事件量表对师范生进行无记名调查,整个问卷必须在10min内自主完成,当场收回。量表由27项可能给青少年带来心理反应的负性生活事件构成,共包括6个因子:①人际关系。②学习压力。③受惩罚。④丧失。⑤健康适应。⑥其他。分析师范生的主要压力来源,并对不同学制(本科/专科/高职自考)、学科(文/理)、性别(男/女)和户籍(农村/城镇)的师范生压力特点进行差异显著性检验。结果:收回内容详实问卷627份。①师范生的压力来源依次为学习压力、人际关系、受惩罚、健康、其他及丧失。造成心理影响的压力事件中,排在前3位的依次是:考试压力、学习负担重和升学就业压力。②性别、文理科、户籍和学制4个维度上的主效应显著(F=0.002～0.024,P<0.05);且学制和文理科、学制和户籍维度上有交互作用(F=0.002,0.043,P<0.05)。③本科文科生的压力感大于专科和高职自考文科生(P<0.05),本科和专科的文科生压力均显著大于理科生(P<0.05),高职自考的文科生压力小于理科生(P<0.05)。农村学生的压力感均大于城镇学生(P<0.05)。④文科师范生的人际关系压力、受惩罚压力显著大于理科师范生(P<0.05)。男生的其他压力大于女生(P<0.05)。农村师范生的学习压力大于城镇学生(P<0.05)。结论:①学习压力和人际关系压力是学生的主要压力来源,对学生造成心理影响的压力事件中,排在前3位的依次是考试压力、学习负担重和就业压力。②师范生的心理压力在学制、学科(文/理)、性别和户籍4个维度上有显著差异�AIM： To investigate the major sources and characteristics of stress in normal university students, so as to provide theoretical evidence for the psychological health work in school. METHODS： The investigation was carded out in 3 school districts of Southwest China Normal University from March 18^th to April 8^th 2005. With stratified sampling method, 640 students wore randomly selected from the undergraduate course, special course, and self-taught higher education of Southwest China Normal University. After obtaining the informed consent, the students were surveyed with Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List （ASLEC） in an anonymous way. All questionnaires must be finished in 10 minutes, and retrieved on the spot. The scale consisted of 27 negative life events that could lead to psychological response including 6 factors： （1）social interaction, （2）academic stress, （3） punishment, （4）deprivation, （5）healthy adaptation, （6）others. The main stress sources of the students wore explored, and the stress features were tested according to different educational styles, subject, sexes, and residence. RESULTS： Totally 627 valid questionnaires were retrieved. （1）The main stress sources were academic stress, social interaction, punishment, health, others, and deprivation. The first 3 life events that could result in psychological impact included examination stress, heavy schoolwork and employment. （2）The main effects of sex, subject, residence, and education style were remarkable （F =0.002-0.024, P 〈 0.05）; moreover, education style and major, education style and register wore interacted （F =0.002, 0.043, P 〈 0.05）. （3）Undergraduate students majoring, in Arts had more stress than those of specialty and vocational education （P 〈 0.05）. Undergraduate and vocational education students of Arts felt more stress than those of Science （P 〈 0.05）. The stress of Arts students of vocational education was less than those of Science （P 〈 0.05）. Rural stud

关 键 词：压力 学生 生活变动事件 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]