长江流域特大暴雨云团生成的有利环境条件研究  

The Study of Favourable Environment Conditions for Extreme Heavy Rain Cloud Clusters Forming in the Reaches of Yangtze River

作　　者：王登炎[1] 周小兰[1] 董全[2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉中心气象台,武汉430074 [2]南京大学大气科学系,南京210093

出　　处：《暴雨灾害》2007年第4期355-360,共6页Torrential Rain and Disasters

基　　金：湖北省气象局课题"77个站1~7天一般性降水;1~5天暴雨;1~3天灾害性暴雨研究"资助

摘　　要：综合分析我国长江流域20世纪80和90年代的几次特大暴雨实例发现,江淮切变线和"湿度锋"是长江流域特大暴雨发生发展的有利条件,但不是必要条件,高空的触发系统和低空的西南急流水汽输送才是必要的条件。在不同的高低空系统配置情况下,形成特大暴雨的云团的尺度(中尺度、中β尺度)具有一定的选择性。而低层"湿度锋"的强弱与暴雨云团的尺度之间不是简单的正相关的线性关系。针对长江流域特大暴雨云团的以上特性,在参考暴雨云团发生发展的CISK机制以及它们之间相互影响共同作用形成的更复杂的物理机制的基础上,对部分物理机制进行了修改完善。从而更好的解释了长江流域特大暴雨发生发展的有利环境条件。The extreme heavy rain cases in 1980s and 1990s found that the necessary conditions for excessive rainfall are both in the Reaches of Yangtze River had been analyzed, It had been the upper trigger system and lower southwest jet for water vapour transportation but the JiangHuai shearline and ＂humidity front＂, which be only used as the favourable conditions . In the different upper and lower system disposition, the scales （ scale and 13 scale） of extreme heavy rain cloud clusters are difference. It was not the simple positive correlation between the intensity of the lower ＂humidity front＂ and the scales of cloud cluster. Based on the above features, CISK mechanism and the complex physical mechanisms of cloud clusters＇ mutual influence and interaction, a part of physical mechanism had been modified and perfected to show the favorable environment conditions for extreme heavy rain happening in the reaches of Yangtze River.

关 键 词：湿度锋 CISK机制 触发系统 

分 类 号：P426.5[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P458.121