季节性干旱丘区稻田麦秸覆盖的节水效应研究  

Studies on water-saving effect of wheat straw mulching on rice cultivation in seasonal droughty hilly region of South China

作　　者：姜心禄[1] 袁勇 郑家国[1] 朱钟麟[3] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农科院作物研究所,四川成都610066 [2]简阳市东溪镇农技站,四川简阳641400 [3]农业部长江上游农业资源环境重点开放实验室,四川成都610066

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2007年第6期1188-1193,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"863"计划(2002AA2Z4262);国家粮食丰产科技工程(2004BA520A05);四川省重大基础研究项目(04JY029-004-8)

摘　　要：2004—2005在季节性干旱的丘陵地区对麦秸覆盖稻作的节水效应进行了研究。结果表明：在该生态区采用旱育秧技术，培育多蘖壮秧，旋耕后采用宽窄行移栽，田间苗数达到225×10^4·hm^-2时用等面积的4、麦秸秆全量覆盖宽行的技术模式，可节水30．04％，增产5．88％，水分生产率提高0．52kg·m^-3，灌溉水的水分生产率提高1．24kg·m^-3；全程节本增效1129．70元·hm^-2。稻田麦秸覆盖的节水效果与秧苗栽插方式有关，与麦秸还田量成正相关；翻耕比免耕节水、高产高效。The studies on water-saving effect of wheat straw mulching on rice cultivation in seasonal droughty hilly region in South China were conducted in 2004 - 2005. The results indicated that the method which included dry seedbed nurserying, plough, hand transplanting rice seedling as the way of broad and narrow row alternatively,and wheat straw mulching broad row about 10 days later,could save water 30.04 % ,increase grain yield 5.88 % ,water producting efficiency 0.52 kg · m^-3 and irrigation water producting efficiency 1.24 kg · m^ -3. The water-saving effect of wheat straw mulching in rice cultivation was related with the models of translanting seedling and positive correlation with the amount of wheat straw and plough was water-saving,high yield and high effect more than zero-tillage.

关 键 词：麦秸覆盖 宽窄行移栽 节水效应 

分 类 号：S511.05[农业科学—作物学]