水杨酸对杏树花期抗寒性及坐果率的影响  

Effects of Salicylic Acid on Cold Resistance during Flowering Period and Fruit Sitting Rate in Apricot

作　　者：郭守华[1] 杨晴[1] 杨晓玲[1] 刘艳芳[1] 齐建超[1] 毕永明[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院生命科学系,河北昌黎066600

出　　处：《经济林研究》2007年第4期24-27,共4页Non-wood Forest Research

摘　　要：以室温蒸馏水处理为对照,分别用浓度为0、2、10、20、40、80 m g.L-1的水杨酸溶液处理张公园杏初开花朵,放入0℃恒温培养箱4 h,取出后测定花朵的外渗电导率值、呼吸强度、雌蕊的超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶的活性及丙二配醛的含量,结果表明:水杨酸可有效抑制由低温引起的细胞电解质外渗,提高呼吸速率,提高雌蕊超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶的活性,减少丙二醛的积累。还在田间条件下,以7年生3个品种的杏树为试材,于初花期分别用浓度为0、2、10、20、40 m g.L-1的水杨酸溶液进行喷施,结果发现:浓度为10 m g.L-1的水杨酸能够极显著地提高骆驼黄、华县接杏品种的坐果率,但其对张公园品种的影响却并未达到显著水平。认为在杏树初花期喷施一定浓度的水杨酸可以起到预防低温伤害及提高产量的作用。Taken distilled water at room temperature as control, the beginning flowers of apricot were treated by 0, 2, 10, 20, 40, 80 mg · L^-1salicylic acid in thermostat at 0 C for 4 hours, and then value of electrolyte leakage ratio, respiratory intensity, activities of SOD and POD in pistil, malonaldehyde content in pistil were measured. The results showed that salicylic acid could prevent from electrolyte leakage caused by low temperature, increase respiratory intensity and activities of SOD and POD, and decrease malonaldehyde content. Under the condition of field, seven-year-old plants in 3 species were sprayed by 0, 2, 10, 20, 40 mg· L^-1 salicylic acid at early flowing stage. The results showed that 10 mg· L^-1 salicylic acid could very significantly increase the fruit sitting rate of Luotuohuang and Huaxiajiexing, but could not obviously increase that of zhanggongyuan. So spaying salicylic acid could prevent from low temperature hurt and increase yield at early flowing stage of apricot.

关 键 词：杏树 水杨酸 花期 低温 抗寒性 坐果率 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]