广西热带气旋6h降水天气概略模型及其应用  

The Synoptic Conceptual Model of 6-hour Tropical Cyclone Rainfall and Its Application in Guangxi

作　　者：王捷纯[1] 江吉喜[2] 冯建碧[3] 邓玉娇[1] 李愉 

机构地区：[1]广州气象卫星地面站,广州510640 [2]国家卫星气象中心,北京100081 [3]民航北京气象中心,北京100621 [4]成都市气象局,成都610071

出　　处：《应用气象学报》2007年第6期840-848,共9页Journal of Applied Meteorological Science

摘　　要：选取2001,2002年和2003年登陆华南西部的9个热带气旋(TC),运用广西89站每6 h雨量资料、NCEP/NCAR格点资料以及卫星云图,分析TC登陆华南西部前后广西6 h强降水的物理量场特征。经普查分析将TC造成的降水区划分为纬向型、经向型、NE—SW向型和NW—SE向型4种;在对各型高、中、低层主要因子详细分析的基础上,概括归纳出了这些降水型各自前6 h的物理量场特征概略模型图及各降水型的主要转化趋势,对其强降水形成机理尽可能地给出了解释,并给出降水区及降水强度的确定方法,可以为TC登陆华南西部前后广西区降水临近预报提供某种参考。Every 6-hour rainfalls of 9 tropical cyclones（TC） that influence Guangxi Autonomous Region in three years from 2001 to 2003 with the number of 0103, 0104, 0107, 0212, 0214, 0218, 0220, 0307 and 0313 are select- ed for the study. The characteristics and the mechanism of the heavy rainfall caused by landing tropical cyclones are analyzed in detail, using the information from Tropical Cyclone Annual, observational precipitation data, NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and black-body temperature （TBB）. Based on the study, methods for diagnosing and forecasting the intensity and distribution of precipitation in 6-hour over Guangxi are developed. Every 6-hour rainfalls within the 9 tropical cyclones are analyzed. The regions with 6-hour rainfall amount over 5 mm are picked up, especially those areas of over 50 mm rainfall caused by TC are divided into four types： zonal, meridional, NE--SW and NW--SE orientated kinds. Then, the detailed analyses on the main physical factors at upper-level, middle-level and low-level related to the heavy rainfall in each type are made and the relationship between the rainfall in future 6-hour and each factor is investigated. The result shows that the rainfall distribution and intensity in 6-hour relate closely to the physical factors such as divergence field at upper-level, the field of vorticity at middle-level, convergence and ascending motion and the low-level jet, the moisture flux convergence and so on. On the other hand, different type of rainfall distribution and precipitation intensity is formed by the different allocation of these factors. With this understanding, the conceptual models of 6-hour precipitation forcasting and its main transforming direction are summarized. And the forcasting method on the rainfall distribution and intensity in 6-hour is presented. The method can be simply described as below. The location of TC center, the trend of low-level jet and the physical factors such as divergence field at upper-level, the field of vorticity at middle-level, convergence

关 键 词：热带气旋 强降水 物理量 概略模型图 

分 类 号：P444[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]