除草剂二氯喹啉酸对粗梗水蕨有性繁殖的影响  

Effects of Herbicide Quinclorac on Sexual Reproduction of Ceratopteris pteridoides

作　　者：陶玲[1] 尹黎燕[1] 李伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院武汉植物园水生植物生物学实验室

出　　处：《武汉植物学研究》2007年第6期601-604,共4页Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2005AA6010100503);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30570291);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2002CB412300)资助

摘　　要：研究了除草剂二氯喹啉酸对国家二级重点保护野生植物粗梗水蕨(Ceratopteris pteridoides)有性繁殖的影响。研究发现二氯喹啉酸对粗梗水蕨孢子萌发没有影响,但对粗梗水蕨配子体生长有抑制作用,二氯喹啉酸浓度和粗梗水蕨配子体面积呈明显剂量-效应关系,二氯喹啉酸对粗梗水蕨配子体生长抑制的EC50为0.48 mg.L-1。随着二氯喹啉酸浓度从0.1 mg.L-1开始升高,粗梗水蕨配子体分化形成的雌雄同体配子体逐渐减少,同时雌雄同体配子体上颈卵器形成时间推迟,颈卵器数量减少。当二氯喹啉酸浓度为4 mg.L-1时,没有雌雄同体配子体形成。以上研究结果表明,粗梗水蕨配子体生长受到二氯喹啉酸的抑制,自身的成精子囊素性别调控系统间接受到影响,导致粗梗水蕨有性繁殖能力减弱。该研究可为除草剂对非靶标水生植物的生态风险评价提供基础资料,保护水生植物多样性。The environmental impacts of herbicides cannot be overlooked when increasing attention is being focused on environmental issues. It is possible that rice herbicides are having adverse effects on ontarget plants that grow around paddy fields. The effects of herbicide quinclorac on sexual reproduction of Ceratopteris pteridoides the second category of the key protected wild plants were studied in this paper. Results showed that quinclorac had no effect on germination of C. pteridoides. However,it dose-dependently inhibited the gametophyte growth of C. pteridoides with the EC50 of 0. 48 mg·L^-1. The hermaphrodite gametophyte ratio was reduced and archegonium differentiation was delayed with dose dependent manner when quinclorac concentrations were higher than 0. 1 mg·L^-1. While quinclorac concentration reached 4 mg·L^-1 ,male but no hermaphrodite gametophyte formed. These results indicate that quinclorac affects the sexual reproduction of C. pteridoides by inhibiting the gametophyte growth and indirectly disturbing the antheridiogen systems of C. pteridoides. This can provide fundamental data to the ecological risk assessment of herbicides contamination on non-target aquatic plants and protect the aquatic plant biodiversity.

关 键 词：水蕨属 除草剂 配子体 性别分化 

分 类 号：Q945.5[生物学—植物学]