三江平原浅层地下水超采问题探讨(一)  

Status Overdraft of Groundwater on Sanjiang Plain(1)

作　　者：高洋 杜绍敏[2] 金志钢 袁斌 杨伟清[5] 姚章村 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江农垦水务局,哈尔滨150036 [2]黑龙江大学水利电力学院,哈尔滨150086 [3]黑龙江省850农场,虎林158442 [4]黑龙江省创业农场,富锦156321 [5]黑龙江省友谊农场,友谊156911 [6]黑龙江农垦勘测设计研究院,佳木斯154002

出　　处：《黑龙江水专学报》2007年第4期24-27,共4页Journal of Heilongjiang Hydraulic Engineering College

基　　金：国家"九五"科技攻关项目(96-004-02-03-01);垦区"九五"重点课题(97-14-05)

摘　　要：三江平原地下水是否超采，争议已久。笔者经过“九五”期间国家三江攻关和垦区科技攻关研究（主要为1997～1998年），又经过近10a的追踪反馈研究分析，尤其地下水动态分析，认定三江平原地下水从宏观而论，没有超采，仍有很大开发潜力，尤其如友谊、萝北各农场及沿江潜水地区（包括引提自流灌区）。其中建三江弱承压水地区，至今虽尚未超采，但今后还要大面积发展水田的情况下，应在调蓄利用当地丰富降水资源（提高利用率和增加对地下水补给率）和在地下水开采后周边大江大河可能增加激发补给量的分析研究计算上下功夫，从而判断或避免是否可能超采。至今三江平原地下水没有超采，就是生产实践对“九五”期间国家与垦区攻关科技成果的最好肯定。Abstract.Whether the groundwater on Sanjiang Plain is overdraft or not has been in dispute for more than ten years. According to the returns of national and the reclamation area＇s scientific research during the period of the ninth five-year plan and by analyzing groundwater regime, the author insists that the groundwater of Sanjiang Plain, generally speaking, is not overdraft and still of great developing potency. Especially for farms on Youyi, Luobei and across-river underground water areas. In some places mentioned above such as Jiansanjiang, although the ground water is not overdraft, more effort should be made in making use of abundant precipitation because the area of paddy field will be greatly extended in future. More effort should be made in analyzing, researching and calculating possible supplemental recharge recruitment so that the overdraft can be avoided. The condition that the groundwater is not overdraft is the best affirmation to the returns of national and the reclamation area＇s scientific research during the period of the ninth five-year plan.

关 键 词：超采 采补平衡 地下水位下降 激发补给 农业用水 

分 类 号：P641.2[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]