黄土高原地区苜蓿生产力动态及其土壤水分消耗规律  

Alfalfa productivity dynamics and consumption of soil water in the Loess Plateau

作　　者：万素梅[1] 胡守林[2] 贾志宽[1] 曹永红[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学干旱半干旱农业研究中心,杨凌712100 [2]塔里木大学植物科技学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2007年第12期30-34,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家农业部948项目(2001-372);农业部农业结构调整重大技术研究专项项目(2002-09-02A);国家"十一五"旱地农业支撑计划

摘　　要：为了解不同生长年限苜蓿生产力及土壤水分的变化特征,该文系统研究了黄土高原地区3年、4年、6年、8年、12年、18年及26年生紫花苜蓿生产力动态及土壤水分的消耗规律。结果表明:不同生长年限苜蓿鲜草产量存在极显著差异。苜蓿草地土壤水分呈现规律性的变化:随土层深度的增加,土壤含水率增加,300 cm土层以下,土壤含水率变化趋势平缓。苜蓿生长超过18年,上层土壤水分开始恢复,但深层土壤通体干化,水分难以恢复。苜蓿水分利用效率随生长年限的延长而降低。研究表明在黄土高原半湿润区紫花苜蓿适宜的生长年限为8年,第6年为苜蓿的生长高峰期。In order to study the productivity dynamic and soil water variations in the grasslands with alfalfas for different growth years, the productivity and soil water in the grasslands with alfalfas growing for three years, four years, six years, eight years, twelve years, eighteen years and twenty-six years were analyzed. The results show that there are very significant differences of yield with alfalfas for different growth years. There are regularity change of soil water contents in alfalfa field, soil water contents increase with the deeper soil depth, and tend to keep a stable soil water contents in soil deeper than 300 cm below soil surface. As the growth years of alfalfas are more than eighteen years, the soil water contents in upper soil begin to recover, but soil drying occurres through the deeper soil layer and soil moisture is still difficult to recover. Water use efficiency of alfalfa decreases with the increase of growth years of alfalfa. The research shows that in semi-arid areas of the Loess Plateau, the feasible growth years of alfalfa is eight years, and the period of the highest yield is the sixth year.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 草地生产力 土壤水分 黄土高原 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]