敦煌莫高窟第85窟空鼓壁画灌浆加固材料筛选实验  

An Optimized Recipe of Grouting Materials for The Detached Murals of The Cave 85 at Mogao Grottoes

作　　者：樊再轩[1] 史迪文.瑞克比 丽莎.席克德 乔海[1] 唐伟[1] 杨金建[1] 

机构地区：[1]古代壁画保护国家文物局重点科研基地 [2]美国盖蒂保护研究所

出　　处：《敦煌研究》2007年第5期16-21,123,共7页Dunhuang Research

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目"古代壁画脱盐关键技术研究"(2006BAK30B03);国家文物局课题"古代壁画保护规范"(20040303)

摘　　要：壁画空鼓是莫高窟第85窟的主要病害之一,针对空鼓壁画的具体特征,选择多种充填材料,以不同配比配制的81种灌浆材料,经过性能测试及现场模拟试验,最终筛选出了以澄板土(一种当地河床沉积黏土)为主、掺加适量浮石和玻璃微珠作为充填剂,水中加适量蛋清为主剂配制的灌浆材料。这种浆液具有容重小、流动性好、结石体透气性好、收缩率小、黏结强度适中并且可调等特点。现场试验表明,这种材料是莫高窟第85窟空鼓壁画灌浆加固的理想材料。Detachment was one of the most critical problems affecting the Cave 85 murals at the Mogao Grottoes.According to the actual characteristics of the detached murals,81 grout formulations were tested.A number of materials with potentially useful properties were identified and assessed,and tested both in the laboratory and in detachment simulation experiments.A mixture of denbantu(an earthen sediment of the local river),pumice,glass microspheres,and water was eventually selected for the optimized recipe.Among the most advantageous performance characteristics of the mixture were low density,minimal shrinkage,moderate and adjustable cohesive strength,and compatible water vapour permeability.It also had excellent working properties,such as good fluidity.The in-situ experiments demonstrated that the mixture was an excellent grouting material for the detachment problem in Cave 85 at Mogao Grottoes.

关 键 词：莫高窟 空鼓壁画 灌浆材料 筛选 

分 类 号：K879.41[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]