脂肪酸甲酯结构对生物柴油十六烷值的影响  

Effects of Structural Features of the Fatty Acid Methyl Esters upon the Cetane Number of Biodiesel

作　　者：陈秀[1] 袁银南[1] 孙平[1] 梅德清[1] 崔勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学

出　　处：《石油与天然气化工》2007年第6期481-484,共4页Chemical engineering of oil & gas

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50376021);江苏省发改委研究项目;江苏大学高级人才启动基金资助项目(06JDG041)

摘　　要：从分子层次,应用杂化轨道理论研究了生物柴油的分子结构及其对十六烷值的影响。研究表明:生物柴油主要由饱和脂肪酸酯(棕榈酸甲酯和硬脂酸甲酯)和不饱和脂肪酸酯(油酸、亚油酸甲酯和亚麻酸甲酯)组成,其十六烷值随着饱和脂肪酸甲酯含量的增加而增加,多不饱和脂肪酸甲酯含量的增加而减少。综合组成对生物柴油低温流动性和氧化安定性影响,生物柴油中饱和脂肪酸甲酯和多不饱和脂肪酸甲酯的含量都应尽量低。提出降低生物柴油NOx排放的新途径:采用减压蒸馏、调合、结晶分馏等措施调整生物柴油的组成,可有效降低生物柴油的NOx排放。Effects of the cetane number of biodie-sel on structural features of the fatty acid methyl esters was first investigated by molecular structure and hybrid orbital theory.The results showed that biodiesel is mainly composed of SFAME and UFAME,such as methyl palmitate,methyl stearate,methyl oleate,methyl linoleate,methyl linolenate,etc.The cetane number increases with chain length of straight-chain saturated fatty acid methyl esters,decreases with the number oi double bonds.Straight-chain saturated fatty acid methyl esters have effective on low temperature flow properties and polyunsaturated fatty acid methyl esters have effective on oxidative stability,lower concentrations of long-straight-chain saturated fatty acid methyl esters and polyunsaturated fatty acid methyl esters of biodiesel is advantageous.A new method of ad-justing biodiesel composition by distillation/blending/crystallization fractionation is given,it can decrease biodiesel NOx emissions.

关 键 词：生物柴油 脂肪酸甲酯 十六烷值 

分 类 号：TE667[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]