荔枝果园治理措施对侵蚀退化赤红壤理化性质的影响  

Effects of Litchi Orchard Treatments on Physical and Chemical Properties of Eroded Latosolic Red Soil

作　　者：张静[1] 张有利[2] 谢锦升[1] 郭剑芬[1] 杜紫贤[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省亚热带资源与环境重点实验室福建师范大学地理科学学院,福州350007 [2]黑龙江八一农垦大学,大庆163319

出　　处：《亚热带水土保持》2007年第4期8-12,共5页Subtropical Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：福建省科委重大基础研究项目(2000F004)资助

摘　　要：通过对稻草覆盖和客土措施(Ⅰ和Ⅱ)建立荔枝果园14年后严重侵蚀赤红壤理化性质进行研究。结果表明:①建立荔枝园后,采取措施的果园土壤的物理性质有明显改善,表层土壤容重和结构体破坏率呈措施Ⅰ<措施Ⅱ<对照的变化趋势。措施Ⅰ和措施Ⅱ表层土壤最大持水量分别是对照的1.75倍和1.65倍,措施Ⅰ和Ⅱ>0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量分别比对照增加51.88%和42.52%。②措施Ⅰ和措施Ⅱ表层土壤有机质、全N、全P、全K和土壤速效性养分含量明显提高,其中土壤速效K含量增加幅度最大。③利用灰色关联法对土壤肥力进行综合评价,果园不同治理措施土壤物理、化学性质排列顺序为:措施I(1.000)>措施II(0.782)>对照I(0.333),措施I(0.923)>措施II(0.801)>对照I(0.333),表明果园覆草措施是改良侵蚀退化赤红壤的有效途径之一。Effects of straw cover and application of foreign soil （viz. treatment Ⅰ and treatment Ⅱ） on soil physical and chemical properties were studied in litchi orchard based on 14 year experiment on eroded latosolic red soil. The results showed that： （ 1 ） The physical properties of topsoil was significantly improved by ways of orchard treatments. The order of soil bulk density and percentage of destroyed structure for different treatments were treatment Ⅰ 〈 treatment Ⅱ 〈 control. Maximum water homing capacity in topsoils of treatment Ⅰ and treatment Ⅱ were 1.75 and 1.65 times as much as the control respectively. Also, 〉 0.25 mm water stable aggregates for treatments Ⅰ and Ⅱ were 51.88% and 42. 52% higher than that in the control respectively. （2）There were significant increases in soil organic matter, total N, total P, total K and soil available nutrients especially for available K. （3）Grey relation analysis showed that soil fertility in the orchard with treatment Ⅰ was higher than that with treatment Ⅱ and control. Thus soil covered with straw in the orchard was an appropriate measurement to prevent soil degradation.

关 键 词：侵蚀赤红壤 荔枝果园 土壤物理性质 土壤养分 灰色关联 

分 类 号：S156.6[农业科学—土壤学]