大熊猫的组织学研究 Ⅲ.消化道显微结构的年龄变化  

HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF GIANT PANDA (AILUROPODA MELANOLEUCA) Ⅲ. THE DIGESTIVE TRACT OF DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS

作　　者：王平[1] 陈茂生[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学生物学系

出　　处：《动物学报》1989年第1期33-40,共8页ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：观察了初生、幼仔、亚成体和老年大熊猫的食管、胃和肠的石蜡切片。与成体的对比,生长发育阶段的主要变化发生在两个主要机能层:粘膜层和肌肉层;衰老的变化则主要出现在粘膜层,尤其是上皮组织的变化最显著,内分泌亲银细胞的数量在生长期似略有增多,成年到老年数量变化不明显。The aim of this paper is to illustrate the postnatal development of the digestive tract of giant panda and to hope it might be helpful to the feeding of giant panda at zoo. Specimens of esophagus, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, illiuin and colon were taken from seven carcases (newborn, 60-day, 75-day, 1-year, 7-year, 20-year, and 31-year) preserved in 10% formalin after death. Paraffin method, staining with H-E, Fontan's method and PAS reaction were employed and some samples of esophageal mucosa were prepared for SEM. The main changes observed in growing stages (newborn to 7-year): Esophageal epithelium increases in thickness and in keratinization. Mucous glands (esophageal gland, gastric mucous cell, goblet cell and gland of Brunner) increase in number. Absorbing cells differentiate earlier than goblet cells in intestinal epithelium. The muscularis mucosae and tunica muscularis, especially the inner circular layer thicken in the adult. The results show that the differentiations take place mainly in newborn to one year old specimens. After one year, the changes show mainly in growth. The main changes in aging were observed in 31-year specimen: Esophageal epithelium deareases in thickness. Gastric glands decrease in number and in length. Intestinal villi also decrease in number and in length. Tunica muscularis decreases in thickness especially in inner circular layer. The results show that the digestive and absorptive functions weaken in aging. Conclusion. 1. The microstructures of the digestive tract of giant panda of different ages are considerably different from each other relating to their food habits and aging. The changes occur mainly in the two functional layers: mucosa and tunica muscularis. 2. The characteristics of the giant panda digestive tract adapting to bamboo as its main food, such as plentiful mucous glands, thicker muscularis mucosae and tunica muscularis and longer villi of the small intestine, have not yet developed sufficiently in one year old specimen, except the longer villi. 3. The lining epit

关 键 词：大熊猫 组织学研究 消化道结构 

分 类 号：Q959.838[生物学—动物学]