微生物降解土壤中石油污染物的研究进展  

Advance on Biodegradation of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contaminants in Soil

作　　者：刘晓春[1] 阎光绪[1] 郭绍辉[1] 陈春茂[1] 王伟财[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)化工学院,北京102249

出　　处：《污染防治技术》2007年第6期51-54,97,共5页Pollution Control Technology

基　　金：中国石油天然气集团公司科学研究与技术开发项目(05D40102)

摘　　要：石油的开采、加工、输送及使用过程中,对大气、土壤、水体带来了严重污染,目前在利用微生物降解石油污染物的研究已有很多,并筛选出许多可降解石油污染物的细菌和真菌,这些菌株在降解过程中,主要受营养元素和表面活性的影响,特别是在多环芳烃的微生物降解方面,因此,针对国内外在石油污染物生物降解方面的研究成果进行了综述及展望。Fuel combustion, pyrolytic processes, spillage of petroleum products have been shown to cause serious damage to natural ecosystems. Research on the microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons has resulted in the isolation of numerous genera of bacteria and fungi capable of degrading alkane and aromatic hydrocarbons. The Nutrient amendments and surface activity have great influence on the biodegradation of petroleum contaminants. This review provides an outline of the ability of bacteria and fungi to degrade the petroleum hydrocarbon contaminants, especially introduces the research on the biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAH）. In addition, approaches for improving microbial degradation of petroleum contaminated soil are discussed.

关 键 词：石油 土壤 微生物 降解 芳烃 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]