膜下滴灌条件下氮磷钾肥配施对加工番茄肥料效应的研究  

Study of N,P,K Matching Application on the fertilizer effect of Processing Tomato

作　　者：成晓杰[1] 王进[2] 黄小平[1] 李存[1] 田丽萍[1] 薛林[3] 赵俊荣[2] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学生命科学学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]新疆石河子气象局,新疆石河子832003 [3]新疆石河子蔬菜研究所,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2007年第35期11509-11511,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团重大科技攻关项目(04GG06);石河子大学SRP基金资助项目

摘　　要：[目的]为覆膜滴灌条件下加工番茄的合理施肥提供科学依据。[方法]在覆膜滴灌条件下,研究氮磷钾配施7个处理对加工番茄产量及光合特性的影响。[结果]施N300kg/hm2、P2O5105kg/hm2、K2O75kg/hm2时产量最高,净增收与肥料的投入比最大,为1.138;氮肥是控制产量的主因素,最佳施用量为300kg/hm2。在氮肥保持高产施用量时,磷钾肥的施用量及比例是控制产量的第2因素,最佳施用量为105、75kg/hm2,最佳比例为7∶5。单叶净光合速率的日变化曲线各个处理基本均为双峰曲线,处理④的2个峰值均最高,分别为25.52、23.46μmol/(m2·s)。[结论]N300kg/hm2、P2O5105kg/hm2、K2O75kg/hm(2处理④)是加工番茄的最佳施肥配比,产量达111450kg/hm2,经济效益最好。Objective The purpose was to provide scientific basis for reasonable fertilization of in processing tomato under the condition of drip irrigation of film mulching.Method Under the condition of drip irrigation of film mulching,the effects of 7 treatments NPK matching application on the yield and photosynthetic characteristics of processing tomato were studied.Result The yield of applying N at 300 kg/hm^2,P2O5 at 105 kg/hm^2 and K2O at 75 kg/hm^2 was highest and the ratio of net income increase to fertilizer input was biggest,being 1.138.N fertilizer was main factor for controlling yield,and its optimum application amount was 300 kg/hm^2.When N fertilizer was kept at high-yield application amount,the application amount of P and K fertilizers and their ratio were the second factors for controlling yield,and their optimum application amounts were 105 and 75 kg/hm^2,and the optimum ratio was 7：5.The diurnal variation of the net rate of photosynthesis of single leaf in each treatment all was a double peak curve.The 2 peak values of T4 were highest,being 25.52 and 23.46 μmol/（m^2·s）respectively.Conclusion The optimum fertilization matching treatment（T4）on processing tomato was applying N at 300 kg/hm^2,P2O5 at 105 kg/hm^2 and K2O at 75 kg/hm^2,with the yield reaching 111 450 kg/hm^2 and best economic benefit.

关 键 词：覆膜滴灌 加工番茄 产量 光合特性 

分 类 号：S147.5[农业科学—肥料学]