帘蛤科4种养殖蛤群体遗传多样性和种间关系的fAFLP分析  

Fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism(fAFLP) analysis of population genetic diversity and species relationships of four species of cultured clams in family Veneridae(Mollusca:Bivalvia)

作　　者：彭永兴[1] 程汉良[1] 夏德全[2] 吴婷婷[2] 孟学平[1] 吉红九[3] 董志国[1] 

机构地区：[1]淮海工学院江苏省海洋生物重点建设实验室,江苏连云港222005 [2]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,江苏无锡214081 [3]江苏省海洋水产研究所,江苏南通226007

出　　处：《海洋科学》2008年第1期45-51,共7页Marine Sciences

基　　金：“十五”国家科技攻关计划专题项目(2004BA526B0403);江苏省海洋生物技术重点建设实验室开放基金项目(2006HS001)

摘　　要：利用荧光标记扩增片段长度多态性（fAFLP）技术对文蛤（Meretrix meretrix）、青蛤（Cyclina sinensis）、菲律宾蛤仔（Ruditapes philippinarum）和硬壳蛤（Mercenaria mercenaria）4种帘蛤科贝类的群体遗传多样性和种间关系进行了研究。选择EcoRⅠ／MseⅠ进行酶切，使用6个E＋3／M＋3引物组合进行扩增，共获得1096个位点，多态位点比率95．1％，片段长度50-456bp。其中，文蛤、青蛤、菲律宾蛤仔和硬壳蛤分别得到681，715，702和694个位点，相应的多态位点比率为76．8％，81．7％，83．0％和75．1％，得到17个种特异性位点，可作为4物种特征标记。分析了群体遗传相似系数和遗传多样性指数以及种间遗传相似系数。结果表明，硬壳蛤群体遗传相似系数最高（0．6709），遗传多样性指数最低（0．2360）；菲律宾蛤仔群体遗传相似系数最低（0．5925），遗传多样性指数最高（0．2618）；根据遗传相似系数采用UPGMA法构建了4物种32个体的聚类图，表明文蛤与菲律宾蛤仔遗传关系最近，青蛤与其他3物种遗传关系较远。Fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism （fAFLP） method was used to study the population genetic diversity and species relationships of four species of cultured clams in family Veneridae. Digestion with enzymes EcoR Ⅰ/Mse Ⅰ and amplification with six E＋ 3/M ＋ 3 primer combinations are made. A total of 1096 AFLP loci ranging from 50 to 456 bp were detected, 95. 1% of them was ploymorphic loci. For each clam, Meretrix rneretrix , Cyclina sinensis , Ruditapes philippinarurn , Mercenaria rnercenaria, the numbers of loci were 681, 715,702 and 694, and the percentages of polymorphic loci were 76.8 %, 81.7%, 83.0% and 75.1%, respectively, 17 specific loci were found, which can be used to distinguish four species of clams. Base on the fAFLP data, the genetic similarity coefficient and genetic diversity index among these species were computed. As a result, the largest genetic similarity coefficient （0. 670 9） and lowest genetic diversity index （0. 236 0） occurred in M. mercenaria, while the smallest genetic similarity coefficient （0. 592 5） and highest genetic diversity index （0. 261 8） occurred in R. philippinarum. The cluster analysis of 32 individuals from four species was performed with UPGMA method based on genetic similarity coefficient, and the dendrogram of these species was constructed. It was indicated that M. rneretrix has a close relationship with R. philippinarum, and C. sinensis has a distant relationship with other species.

关 键 词：荧光标记扩增片段长度多态性(fAFLP) 遗传多样性 蛤 帘蛤科(Veneridae) 分子标记 系统发育分析 物种鉴定 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]