本源微生物激活体系筛选与优化方法研究  

Selection of Indigenous Micro-organism Activation System and Its Optimization

作　　者：吴超[1] 黄立信[2] 俞理[2] 吴庆红[2] 崔庆锋[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院渗流流体力学研究所,河北廊坊065007 [2]中国石油勘探开发研究院廊坊分院渗流流体力学研究所,河北廊坊065007

出　　处：《石油天然气学报》2007年第6期103-107,共5页Journal of Oil and Gas Technology

基　　金：973计划项目(2005CB221308);中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技项目(06-02C-01-04)

摘　　要：为了有效激活某油田地层中的本源微生物,用细菌瓶MPN(最大可能数)三管法分析了该油田注入水中的微生物群落组成。在确定具有本源微生物驱油潜力的基础上,提出"比毛管数"(μ/σ)概念,把产生生物表面活性剂、生物聚合物两大主要MEOR机理综合起来评价,通过单因素试验筛选出了激活体系的配方组成及浓度范围,最后通过正交试验确立了最佳的激活体系。试验中发现加入碳水化合物后本源菌的激活速度明显比以原油为唯一碳源快,碳水化合物中乳糖和蔗糖的含量决定了其作为碳源的利用价值。本源微生物被激活后培养液的表面张力降低了37.15%,粘度增加了2.31%,菌浓度达到108个/ml以上,其中烃氧化菌数量增加了2个数量级,腐生菌增加了1个数量级,厌氧发酵菌和硝酸盐还原菌数量略有增加,硫酸盐还原菌降低2～3个数量级,处于被抑制状态。In order to activate the indigenous micro-organism in reservoirs,the composition of indigenous microorganism group in injection water was analyzed by using MPN(most probable number)of three tubes.On the basis of determining potentiality of indigenous microorganism flooding,the concept of 'specific capillary number'(μ/σ)was proposed to synthetically evaluate the two MEOR mechanisms,such as bio-polymers and bio-surfactant,the composition and concentration ranges of the activation system were selected by means of single element experiments,the optimal action system was determined finally by orthometric experiments.The experiments show that the activation of indigenous microorganism is accelerated after adding carbohydrate as part of carbon source,lactose and sucrose were the most valuable components in carbohydrates,37.15% interfacial tension of the culture solution is reduced,2.31% viscosity is raised,the number of micro-organisms can reach to 108cells/ml,especially,2% hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria and 1% of total growth bacteria are raised,fermentation bacteria and nitrate reducing bacteria are slightly raised,2% to 3% of sulphate reducing bacteria are reduced,it is effectively controlled.

关 键 词：本源微生物 激活体系 优化 正交试验 

分 类 号：TE357.9[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]