挂榜山小鲵的繁殖生态  

Breeding ecology of Hynobius guabangshanensis

作　　者：郭克疾[1] 米小其[2] 邓学建[2] 

机构地区：[1]国家林业局中南林业调查规划设计院,长沙410014 [2]湖南师范大学生命科学学院,长沙410081

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2008年第1期77-82,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(05JJ30068)

摘　　要：2004—2006年对挂榜山小鲵(Hynobius guabangshanensis)的繁殖生态进行了观察研究。结果表明:挂榜山小鲵繁殖期为每年的11月中旬至翌年1月;非繁殖期营陆生生活,繁殖期进入水中繁殖;繁殖期活动高峰为20:00到翌日6:00;繁殖种群数量为198条,现存分布区不足10km2;繁殖期雌雄性比为1.6,存在明显的两性异型,性成熟雌体的体长和体质量显著大于雄体;挂榜山小鲵的抱对行为与东北小鲵、黑小鲵、极北鲵相似;雄体具有求偶炫耀行为和精子竞争行为;繁殖场多为临时水凼和小而浅的池塘,大部分卵袋被固定在浅水的枯枝和水草上;挂榜山小鲵的卵袋较同科物种粗大,幼体刚出膜时卵袋长(18.40±4.21)cm(n=31),直径(4.23±0.52)cm(n=31);卵径(2.10±0.25)mm(n=45);卵粒数(88.90±20.30)个(n=98)(单个卵袋),受精率为(93.3±21.4)%(n=98)。From 2004 to 2006, an investigation was made on the breeding ecology of Hynobius guabangshanensis. The results showed that the breeding period of H. guabangshanensis was from mid-November to next January. The H. guabangshanensis adults lived on land in non-breeding season and in water in breeding season. There was a peak of activity from 20：00 to 6：00 in breeding season. The quantity of breeding population was 198, and the existing distribution area was less than 10 km2. In breeding season, the ratio of female to male was 1.6, exhibiting a sexual dimorphism and with the female being obviously longer and heavier. The reproductive behavior of H. guabangshanensis was similar to that of H. leechii, H. nigrescens and Salamandrella keyserlingii, and the male H. guabangshanensis had the behaviors of display and sperm competi- tion. H. guabangshanensis bred in seasonal pools or little adlittoral ponds, and laid most of egg sac on adlittoral deadwood and aquatic plants. H. guabangshanensis had bigger egg sac than other species of Hynobiidae. When the H. guabangshanensis baby came out from the membrane, the length of the egg sac was （ 18.40 ±4.21 ） cm （ n =31 ）, and the diameter of the egg sac was （4.23 ±0.52） cm （n =31）. The diameter of the egg was （2. 10 ±0.25） mm （n =45）. One egg sac contained （88.90 ±20. 30） eggs （n =98）. The fertility rate was （93.3±21.4） % （n =98）.

关 键 词：挂榜山小鲵 繁殖生态 小鲵科 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]