不同土壤保水剂对春小麦种植、树苗移栽与树木育苗的影响  

Effects of Different Water-lding Agents on Spring Wheat Plant,Tree Transplant and Tree Seeding Raising

作　　者：王琦[1] 张恩和[2] 李凤民[3] 王田涛[2] 鱼小军[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院 寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000 [2]甘肃农业大学,甘肃兰州730070 [3]兰州大学 干旱与草地农业生态教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2007年第6期61-66,共6页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD04B06);黄土高原丘陵沟壑区保护性耕作技术集成研究与示范(2006BAD15B06);甘肃农业大学科技创新基金(GAU-CX0514)

摘　　要：采用大田试验,对春小麦种植、树苗移栽和树木育苗实施了不同土壤保水剂(LT—200,LT—100,博亚和皇冠)处理,研究了不同土壤保水剂应用效果及对植物生长的影响。结果表明,施用土壤保水剂能显著提高春小麦产量和水分利用效率。LT—200,LT—100,博亚和皇冠的产量分别较对照(不施加土壤保水剂)增加13.60%,11.43%,4.13%和3.52%。水分利用效率分别较对照提高1.00,0.84,0.31和0.26 kg/(mm·hm^2)。在春小麦收获期,表土层(0—30 cm)土壤容重较对照下降,其中LT—200和LT—100最明显,分别较对照降低9.4%和10.1%。土壤保水剂可以提高土壤贮水量,在春小麦开花期,LT—200,LT—100,博亚和皇冠0—120 cm土层中的土壤贮水量分别较对照提高27.64,26.92,14.04和13.82 mm。施用土壤保水剂对春小麦根干重、旗叶干重及其含水量产生一定的影响,但规律不明显。施用土壤保水剂对树苗移栽和树木育苗也产生一定的影响。Soil water-holding agent is a kind of material for water saving developed in recent years. The agents of LT-200, LT-100 （ made in San-yan Industrial Company, Japan）, Huang-guan and Bo-ya were tested in field experiments to study the effects of different soil water-holding agents on spring wheat plant, tree transplant, and tree seeding raising. Results showed that in the experiment of spring wheat plant, LT- 200, LT-100, Huangguan and Boya increased yields by 13.60%, 11.43%, 4.13%and 3.52%, respectively, with the average of 8.17%. They increased water use efficiency by 1.00, 0.84, 0.31 and 0.26 kg/mm · hm^2 , respectively, compared with controls （field without adding soil water-holding agents）. Especially, the increases by adding LT--200 and LT--100 agents were significant. At same time, LT--200, LT--100, Huangguan and Boya enhanced soil water storage in 120 cm depth by 27.64, 26.92, 14.04 and 13.82 mm, respectively, compared with controls in spring wheat planting experiment. Soil water-holding agents could increase the dry root weight of spring wheat, but the increases were insignificant. Effects of different soil water-holding agents on tree transplant and tree seeding raising in one year growth were limited. Applied methods and the amount of soil water-holding agents added to soil need further studies.

关 键 词：土壤保水剂 春小麦 树苗移栽 树木育苗 

分 类 号：S157.9[农业科学—土壤学]