鸽血变虫(Haemoproteus columbae Kruse,1980)生活史研究  

ON SPOROGONY AND SCHIZOGONY OF COLUMBAE OF PIGEON

作　　者：洪凌仙[1] 林宇光[1] 蒋弘平[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学寄生动物研究室

出　　处：《动物学报》1989年第3期306-312,共7页ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：中国科学院科学基金

摘　　要：本文首次报告我国鸽血变虫的生活史。自然和人工感染实验证明虱蝇是其昆虫媒介。本虫的配子体进入虱蝇体内6—10天后完成孢子有性增殖。 实验观察了本虫在鸽体内无性增殖期的形态、部位及在末梢血液中配子体的发育过程,并证明其潜隐期(prepatent period)为28—30天。 本工作亦对羽虱体腔中的卵囊和子孢子作了描述,提示羽虱也可能是本虫的媒介昆虫,有待今后研究证实。During 1985-1987, 184 of 401 pigeon (46%) were found to be infected with Haemopro-teus columbae by blood examination. Meantime, a study on the development of schizogony and sporogony of this parasite was also carried out under laboratory condition. The louse fly, Lynchia maura, acted as the insect host was naturally and experimentally proved. Our investigation showed that the sexual stages consisting of gamete, zygote, ookinete, oocyst and sporo-zoite developed and grew out in the mid-gut, haemocoel and salivary gland of the fly, and the development of sporogony was completed within 10 days after infection. As the microgame-tocyte became extracellular, its nucleus repeatedly divided into 4-8 daughter nuclei and then formed as 4-8 flagellated microgametes. The exflagellation was completely taken place in the mid-gut within 12 hours after infection. By 12-24 hours, the elongated ookinete was found from the stomach smear. 10 days after infection, the mature oocyst could be obtained in the mid-gut of the louse fly, with more than 50 sporozoites and one mass of residual body. They finally broke out of the oocyst in the mid-gut and entered the salivary gland.As shown by our experiment, the development of asexual stages from sporozoite to game-tocyte in pigeon reqired 28-30 days after infection. There was no erythrocytic schizogony which is the chief distinction from that of Plasmodium. The schizonts were mainly found in the endothelial cells and leucocytes of the lung tissue. The tissue sections showed that the early oval schizonts were present in the monocytes of lung tissue 8 days after infection. By 14 days, the endothelial cells of lung tissue revealed many different stages of growing schizonts, some of their nuclei had divided into daughter nuclei and some into cytomeres. The mature schizont containing merozoites was obtained in the lung tissue 28 days after infection, and they appeared with polymorphism such as oval form, globular shape or Iobed body. By 30 days, the majority of mature gametocytes had developed i

关 键 词：鸽 血变虫 生活史 

分 类 号：S852.723[农业科学—基础兽医学]