焦炉作业工人神经行为功能改变的特征分析  

Characteristic of the neurobehavioral functional changes in coke oven workers

作　　者：聂继盛[1] 张红梅[1] 孙建娅[3] 石樱桃[1,2] 王芳[1] 曾平[1] 王林平[1] 宋静[1] 王静[1] 刘慧君[1] 牛侨[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学公共卫生学院劳动卫生教研室,太原030001 [2]山西省肿瘤医院 [3]太原钢铁(集团)有限公司疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2008年第1期25-29,共5页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目（30471437）

摘　　要：目的通过苯并（a）芘[B（a）P]职业接触人群调查，探讨多环芳烃所致神经行为功能改变。方法选择某钢铁公司焦化厂健康成年男性工人200名作为接触组，以该公司的原材料处和自动化处一般情况相近的88名工人作为对照组。高效液相色谱法测定作业环境空气中B（a）P，收集调查对象的班后尿，用高效液相色谱法检测尿中1-羟基芘的水平；用WHO推荐的神经行为核心测试组合（NCTB）检测研究对象的神经行为功能。结果作业环境空气中炉底、炉侧、炉顶的B（a）P浓度分别为0．0195、0．186、1．624μg／m^3，炉侧、炉顶的B（a）P浓度超过职业卫生标准（0．15μg／m^3）0．24倍和9．83倍。与对照组相比，焦炉工尿1-羟基芘的水平[（3．42±0．98）μmol／mol肌酐]高于对照组[（2．75±1．09）μmol／mol肌酐]（t=-5．162，P=0．000），接触组与对照组在年龄、工龄、吸烟、饮酒及吃烧烤食物情况间均衡，文化水平不均衡，以文化水平为协变量进行协方差分析，焦炉工在总数字跨度、数字跨度顺序、2次打点正确数得分低于对照组，2次打点总数得分高于对照组，差异有统计学意义，按照尿1-羟基芘浓度对数值的30和70百分位数将研究对象分为3组（〈3．10μmol／mol肌酐，3．10μmol／mol肌酐-，〉3．87μmol／mol肌酐），总数字跨度、数字跨度顺序、数字跨度倒序、习惯用手、数字译码、视觉记忆得分显示出随尿1-羟基芘浓度增高而降低的趋势；多元线性回归和偏相关分析表明，尿1-羟基芘浓度影响总数字跨度、数字跨度顺序、数字跨度倒序、数字译码和视觉记忆得分，而且与上述指标存在负相关，偏相关系数分别为-0．309、-0．284、-0．209、-0．158、-0．144。结论多环芳烃主要引起接触人群感知、记忆功能改变。Objective To explore the effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on the neurobehavioral function of coke oven workers, Methods 200 healthy adult male coke oven workers were selected from a coke plant of a state-owned steel enterprise in Taiyuan City, 88 controls occupationally unexposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （ PAHs ） were selected from the same enterprise, All the subjects participated in this investigation voluntarily in their consent, Concentration of B（a） P in the working environment was monitored by High Performance Liquid Chromatography （HPLC）. Urine samples were sampled immediately after working shifts. The level of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene was determined by HPLC. General information of workers correlated with the investigation was collected in a questionnaire according to the same criteria by well-trained investigators. Neurobehavioral core test battery （NCTB） recommended WHO was performed on coke oven workers and controls to test the neurobehavioral changes and the mood state. Results the concentration of B （a）P at oven bottom, oven side and oven top were 0. 0195 μg/m^3, 0. 186 μg/m^3 and 1.624 μg/m^3 respectively, that at oven side and oven top being higher than the one stipulated by the occupational hygiene criterion. Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene was significantly different between the exposure group （ 3. 42 ± 0. 98 μmol/mol creatinine ） and control group （ 2.75 ± 1.09 μmol/mol creatinine）, No significant differences were found between exposure group and control group of age, working years, smoking, drinking and unhealthy food consumption ;however, compared to the controls, the scores of total digital span, the forward digital span, and right dotting in the coke oven workers were lower, but that of total dotting was higher, with a statistical significance. According to urinary 1-hydroxypyrene concentration, all the subjects were divided into three groups. （ 〈 3.10 μmol/mol creatinine,3. 10 μmol/mol creatinine, 〉 3. 87 μmol/mol creatinine）. Signifi

关 键 词：焦炭 多环碳氢化合物 芳香族 职业暴露 神经行为学表现 

分 类 号：R686[医药卫生—骨科学]