沙田柚的物理诱变少核育种研究  

PAUCI-SEED BREEDING AND POLLEN PRE-SELECTION OF PHYSICAL MUTAGENIC SHATIAN SHADDOCK

作　　者：刘成明[1,2] 李涛[1,2] 梁元冈 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学园艺系 [2]广西容县水果办

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报》1997年第2期17-22,共6页Journal of South China Agricultural University

摘　　要：通过连续３年对射线诱变的７４株沙田柚９３８个单位枝的花粉预选及果实鉴定，初选出１２个少核枝和８个较少核枝，其中综合性状突出的有７个。研究结果表明，激光和６０Ｃｏ的诱变效果优于快中子，都得到了较多的少（较少）核枝和较高的花粉败育型频率（６．４８％和６．１２％）。以醋酸洋红染色法对１５个少核枝进行的花粉育性检测表明，绝大多数少核枝的花粉败育率都高于４５％（对照为１２．２０％～１３．４６％），故初步确定将败育率≥４５％作为少核沙田柚花粉预选的主要参考指标。The pollen viability and fruit seed number of 938 unit branches in 74 trees of Shatian shaddock treated respectively with 60 Co o.,fast neutrons and lasers were investigated. Eight few seed branches (seed No.between 20.1～40.0 per fruit) and twelve fewer seed branches (seed No.less than 20 per fruit) were obtained. Results show that laser and 60 Co o can induce much more few(er) seed branches and higher occurency frequency of pollen abortion patterns (abortion rate above 45%) than neutrons. It may be concluded that acetocarmine test can be a pratical method for pollen pre selection and it seems that the abortion rate above 45% is a suitable index.

关 键 词：沙田柚 少核育种 射线诱变 花粉预选 

分 类 号：S666.303.5[农业科学—果树学]