济宁市某县麻疹暴发实验室诊断结果分析  

Analysis on laboratory diagnosis of measles outbreak in a country of Jining

作　　者：赵福河 唐涛 Zhao Fuhe , Tang Tao. （ Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jining City）

机构地区：济宁市疾病预防控制中心,山东济宁272100

出　　处：《中国保健》2008年第1期8-9,共2页Chinese Health Care

摘　　要：目的：摸清麻疹暴发的原因及发病特点，为控制麻疹提供科学的依据。方法：采用酶联免疫捕获法，对疑似病例血清标本进行麻疹、风疹IgM抗体检测，同时，对孕妇血清标本进行IgG抗体检测。结果：该县408例麻疹疑似病例IgM抗体阳性率为91．18％，风疹IgM抗体全部阴性，说明该县属麻疹暴发。其发病特点是：0～10、20～30岁年龄组发病较高，其发病构成比分别为45，71％（170／372）、30．38％（113／372）。性别上总体无显著性差异，但20～25岁年龄组，女性发病较高，其发病比例，男女之比为1：2．9（14／41），同时，在疫区采集的未发病的孕妇血清标本，麻疹IgG抗体阳性率仅为25％（7/28）。结论：该县以0～10、20～30岁年龄组发病较高，存在着麻疹流行的危险因素。因此，首先，应加强该年龄组尤其2岁以下幼儿和育龄妇女的麻疹疫苗免疫接种工作。其次，应加强基层人员的专业技术培训，确保麻疹疫苗的接种质量。同时也要加大麻疹保护性抗体的监测力度，随时掌握全市不同年龄组人群的麻疹免疫水平，为制定全市的麻疹免疫规划提供科学的依据。Objective：To understand the cause of measles outbreak and its characteristic, and provide scientific reference for controlling measles, Methods：Serum specimens of suspected measles and rubella cases were tested for measles and rubella IgM antibodies by Capture - IgM ELISA, Simultaneously, serum specimens of pregnant women were tested for IgG antibodies, Results： Among 408 cases the positive rate of measles IgM antibodies was 91, 18% , but rubella IgM antibodies were negative, It showed that there was measles outbreak in the country. The incidence rate of the age groups of 0 ～ 10 and 20 ～ 30 was higher than that of the other age groups, The proportion of the two groups was 45.71% and 30.38% , respectively. There was no significantly difference between males and females. But in the age group of 20 ～ 25, the inciedevce rate of female was higher than that of males. The ratio of males and females was 1 ： 2. 9. Among 28 serum specimens of pregnant women the positive rate of measles IgG antibodies was 25%. Conclusion：The incidence rate of measles of the age groups of 0～10 and 20 ～ 30 was high. There were risk factors of epidemic measles in the country. Some measures should be taken to control measles. Firstly ,the work of vaccination should be strengthened in the two groups, especially in the babies below 2 years old and the mature women. Secondly, to improve the quality of vaccination, the professionals should be trained. And finally,to understand the immunization level of measles in the population and provide scientific reference for making programme on measles immunization, the surveillance of measles protective antibody should be strengthened.

关 键 词：麻疹 暴发 监测 

分 类 号：R511.1[医药卫生—临床医学;医药卫生—内科学]