水体Cu^(2+)对无齿相手蟹体内Cu^(2+)分布和消化酶活性的影响  

Effects of Water-borne Copper on Accumulation,Distribution of Copper and Digestive Enzymes Activities in Sesarma dehaani

作　　者：崔丽丽[1] 赵云龙[1] 徐晓倩[1] 秦芬[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学生命科学学院,上海200062

出　　处：《复旦学报（自然科学版）》2007年第6期952-956,共5页Journal of Fudan University：Natural Science

基　　金：上海市908专项(HD2单元);上海市科委重大科研资助项目(06DZ12302)

摘　　要：采用生态学单因子梯度试验方法研究水体中不同浓度Cu2+对无齿相手蟹体内Cu2+分布以及主要消化酶活性的影响.随着水体中Cu2+浓度的升高,蟹外壳、鳃和肝胰腺中Cu2+的含量均随之增加.其中肝胰腺增加最多,鳃次之,外壳最少.当水体中Cu2+浓度为7.50 mg/L时肝胰腺中Cu2+的含量达到了0.286 4 mg/g,为对照组的8.2倍,是同一Cu2+浓度处理组外壳和鳃的4.3倍和2.3倍.不同浓度的Cu2+对无齿相手蟹的胃蛋白酶、淀粉酶、纤维素酶和类胰蛋白酶4种消化酶酶活表现出不同程度的抑制作用.Cu2+浓度越高,对酶的抑制作用越明显.其中,类胰蛋白酶最为敏感,平均抑制率达到了45.86%.水体中Cu2+浓度仅为0.01 mg/L时,抑制率就已高达32.86%,受抑制的程度也最明显.试验结果表明,随着水体中Cu2+浓度的升高,肝胰腺是无齿相手蟹Cu2+蓄积的重要靶器官,其消化酶活性的变化能灵敏地反映出Cu2+对无齿相手蟹毒性作用的程度.The effects of different concentration of Cu^2 ＋ on the accumulation, distribution and activities of four main diges- tive enzymes in adult Sesarma dehaani were investigated. Each Cu^2＋ level has three groups and each group has ten crabs. In control groups, the concentrations of Cu^2＋ in exoskeleton, gill and hepatopancreas were 0. 0052,0. 0168 and 0. 0351 mg/g, respectively. With the increase of the concentration of Cu^2 ＋ in water, Cu^2 ＋ levd increasd significantly in all the tissues studied, especially the hepatopancreas. In the group exposed to 7.50 mg/L of Cu^2 ＋ , the concentration of Cu^2 ＋ in hepatopancreas was 8.2 times as in control groups and was as 4.3 times and 2.3 times respectively as in the same Cu^2＋ level of exoskeleton and gill. Different concentrations of Cu^2＋ in water showed different inhibition on the pepsin,amylase, cellulose, and typase in hepatopancreas. High Cu^2＋ level all showed more inhibition on the four digestive enzymes. Typase is the most sensitive among the four digestive enzymes. When exposed to 0.01 mg/L Cu^2＋ level, the inhibition rate was up to 32.86% . In addition, the inhibition on typase is the most notable. The average inhibition rate was 45.85%. Therefore, we concluded that hepatopancreas was the most important target organ in Sesarma dehaani, with the increasing Cu^2＋ concentration in water. Moreover, the activities of its digestive enzymes can reflect the toxic effects of water-borne copper ion sensitively.

关 键 词：无齿相手蟹 铜离子 肝胰腺 鳃 外壳 消化酶 

分 类 号：Q55[生物学—生物化学]