大尾柱虫粘液泡的超微结构观察  

Observations on the Ultrastructure of Mucocyst in Urostyla grandis

作　　者：章骏[1] 倪兵[1] 盛春[1] 顾福康[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学生命科学学院

出　　处：《复旦学报（自然科学版）》2007年第6期972-975,共4页Journal of Fudan University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30470201)

摘　　要：应用扫描电镜和透射电镜术观察到,腹毛目纤毛虫大尾柱虫(Urostyla grandis)含有粘液泡射出胞器.该细胞器呈长椭球形,外围一层略显平滑的膜,内含晶状物质,在营养期纤毛虫细胞质中大量分布.据粘液泡内晶状物质分布的不同密度,可将泡区分为头端、体部和尾端三部分.成熟的粘液泡以头端朝向表膜运动,前端膜与表膜融合,产生一缺口,泡向表膜外发射泡内物质,残留的空泡即与表膜融为一体.在纤毛虫休眠细胞中无粘液泡胞器.据结果认为,大尾柱虫粘液泡的发生可能与内质网有关;该细胞器除含有与其他较低等的纤毛虫粘液泡相似的晶状物质外,其泡的定位、形态不一样;粘液泡对纤毛虫细胞表膜的更新及促进表膜的更新和变化有相关作用,并且在纤毛虫营养细胞至形成包囊过程中粘液泡分泌物对包囊壁结构形成也可能具有物质贡献.The mucocyst of Urostyla grandis was observed by using scanning and transmission electron microscoy. The extrosome was seen to be located in large amount in the cytoplasm of vegetable cells but no mucocyst was observed in the resting cysts of the ciliate. The organelle is a long ellipsoid-like extrosome surrounded with an smooth plasma membrane and containing crystal substance, Three parts can be recognized in the mucocyst acoording to the electron density of the crystal substance within mucocyst： head, body and tail. The observation on mucocysts displaying different developmental phase suggests that： mature mucocyst could move towards pellicle and fuse its head part plasma membrane with the pelliele; the fusion could result in an opening of mucocyst on the pellicle; the enclusion of mucocyst was extruded out of the organelle; finally the remaining empty mucocyst could become part of the pellicle and no longer be observed. The results indicate that： the endoplasmic reticulum might bear some relations with the occurring and development of mucocysts in Urostyla grandis; the mucocysts in Urostyla grandis differ in their location and morphology from the ones in other more primitive ciliates; the mucocysts in Urostyla grandis could have some contribution to the pellicle renewal and resting cyst formation of the ciliate.

关 键 词：大尾柱虫 粘液泡 射出胞器 扫描电镜术 透射电镜术 

分 类 号：Q954[生物学—动物学]