甲醛对小鼠的免疫毒性及氧化损伤的研究  

Immune Toxicity and Oxidative Damages in Mice Induced by Formaldehyde

作　　者：梁瑞峰[1] 原福胜[1] 白剑英[1] 张志红[1] 赵五红[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学公共卫生学院环境卫生教研室,山西太原030001

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2007年第6期396-399,共4页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：山西省自然科学基金资助项目(20031098)

摘　　要：目的探讨甲醛对小鼠脾脏、胸腺T细胞亚群CD3、CD4、CD8含量和超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活力和丙二醛(maleic dialdehyde,MDA)含量的影响。方法将昆明种小鼠随机分成5组(即阴性对照组,1、3、5mg/m3染毒组和阳性对照组),每组6只。染毒组用静式吸入染毒方式染毒,每天染毒2h,持续14d。阴性对照组在同样的染毒柜中吸入过滤的新鲜空气,处理时间与染毒组相同。阳性对照组从第8天开始,每日按40mg/kg体重腹腔注射环磷酰胺(CP),连续7d,测定脾脏、胸腺中T细胞亚群CD3、CD4、CD8含量、SOD活力、MDA含量。结果随甲醛染毒剂量的增高,小鼠脾脏、胸腺CD3、CD4、CD8含量呈明显下降趋势,CD4/CD8随染毒剂量的升高而明显增大。除1mg/m3染毒组小鼠脾脏CD3、CD4含量及3mg/m3染毒组CD4含量外,其他染毒组CD3、CD4、CD8含量与阴性对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05或P<0.01),并且CD3、CD4、CD8阳性细胞数与甲醛染毒剂量间有明显的剂量-反应关系(r值分别为0.771、0.660、0.914,均P<0.01)。除1mg/m3染毒组小鼠胸腺CD3、CD4、CD8含量外,其他染毒组CD3、CD4、CD8含量与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),并且CD3、CD4、CD8阳性细胞数与甲醛染毒剂量间有明显的剂量-反应关系(r值分别为0.881、0.763、0.969,均P<0.01),与阴性对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。除1mg/m3组小鼠胸腺SOD活力与阴性对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)外,其他染毒组小鼠脾脏和胸腺的SOD活力与阴性对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);各染毒组小鼠胸腺和脾脏MDA含量均显著高于阴性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。各染毒组小鼠脾脏和胸腺T细胞亚群含量分别与其脾脏和胸腺的SOD活力成正相关(P<0.01),与MDA含量成负相关(P<0.01)。结论甲醛可引起小鼠脾脏、胸腺T细胞亚群CD3、CD4、CD8损伤和脾脏�Objective To explore the effects of formaldehyde （FA） on the contents of CD3, CD4, CDs and the activity of SOD and the contents of MDA in the spleen and thymus of mice. Methods 30 Kunming mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, 6 in each and treated with FA： the negative control group, 1 mg/m^3, 3 mg/m^3, 5 mg/m^3 and the positive control group （treated with cyclophosphamide, CP）. The mice were exposed to FA by static state inhalation in a chamber for 14 days, then the contents of CD3, CD4, CDs, MDA and the activity of SOD in the liver, spleen and thymus were determined. Results The contents of CD3, CD4, CDs in the spleen and thymus showed a significant decreasing as the exposure dose increasing, an obvious dose-response relation was seen and there were significant differences between FA exposed groups and the control group （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Compared with the control group ,the FA inhalation group showed a significantly decreased activity of SOD in the spleen and thymus （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）except the 1 mg/m^3 dose group in the spleen. The content of MDA increased significantly in FA inhalation group compared with the negative control group（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Conclusion FA can damage the T cells and induce lipid peroxide （LPO） increasing in the spleen and thymus of mice, maybe LPO is one of critical factors in the mechanism of immune injury induced by FA.

关 键 词：甲醛 免疫细胞 脂质过氧化作用 

分 类 号：R994.6[医药卫生—毒理学]