海南坡鹿种群发展动态与保护建议  

Dynamics and Conservation Suggestions of Hainan Eld's Deer

作　　者：卢学理[1] 袁喜才[1] 彭建军[1] 李善元[2] 张海[2] 

机构地区：[1]华南濒危动物研究所,广州510260 [2]海南大田国家级自然保护区

出　　处：《四川动物》2008年第1期138-141,共4页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

摘　　要：就地保护的海南坡鹿种群分布于海南大田国家级自然保护区，有野生和半野放两种类型，其中野生种群个体数量为65头，在1986～1992年间年均增长率为2．0％；半野放种群个体数量为1093头，同期年均增长率为22．4％。迁地保护的海南坡鹿的分布种群有野放、半野放和圈养等3种类型，种群个体数量分别为524、337和86头。野放种群个体已有产仔现象；海南邦溪自然保护区的半野放种群在1994～2004年间的年均增长率为18．9％；枫木鹿场的圈养种群同期年均增长率为12.4％。目前，半野放是就地保护的主要方式；而野放是迁地保护的主要方式。应该注重发展迁地保护的半野放种群及其栖息地。对坡鹿的就地保护和迁地保护提出了一些建议。In-situ and ex-situ conservations are the two conservation patterns of Hainan eld＇s deer, For in-situ conservation, wild and semi-free populations are two types of Hainan eld＇ s deer populations which are distributed in Datian Nature Reserve. The population size of the former was 65 individuals and the average annual increase rate was 2. 0% from 1986 to 1992. The population size of the latter was 1093 individuals and the average annual increase rate was 22. 4%. For ex-situ conservation, the population sizes of escaped, semi-free and captive populations were respectively 524,337 and 86. Reproductions of escaped populations have been observed; the average annual increase rate of semi-free populations was 18.9% from 1994 to 2004 in Bangxi Nature Reserve. The average annual increase rate of captive populations was 12. 4% in Fengmu deer farm. Now, the semi-free is a dominant population of in-situ conservation, and the escaped deer is a predominant population in ex-situ conservation. Semi-free populations and their habitats should be enhanced in future ex-situ conservation of eld＇ s deer. Some suggestions on in-situ and ex-situ conservations are brought up in the article.

关 键 词：就地保护 迁地保护 野生 野放 半野放 圈养 

分 类 号：S863[农业科学—野生动物驯养]