建立中国水土保持生态补偿机制的基本准则  

Basic Criterion for Establishing China Soil and Water Conservation Ecological Compensation Mechanism

作　　者：毕华兴[1] 林靓靓[1] 郭超颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国水土保持》2008年第1期19-21,共3页Soil and Water Conservation in China

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2007CB407207);水利部"中国水土保持生态功能补偿机制研究"项目;"十一五"科技支撑项目(2006BAD03A0503)共同资助

摘　　要：水土保持生态补偿准则制定得合理与否是水土保持生态补偿机制能否顺利实施的关键。建立水土保持生态补偿机制的准则应根据技术上适当、经济上可行、社会能够接受的原则,使受伤害或退化的以水、土资源为主的生态系统重新获得健康并益于人类的生存与发展。考虑到水土保持生态补偿在理论研究方面还处于探索阶段,所以,借鉴生态补偿的基本准则,根据中国水土保持的具体实践,认为建立中国水土保持生态补偿机制必须遵循"公平性"的伦理域准则、"分类分区、因地制宜"的空间域准则、"不欠新账、多还旧账"的时间域准则、"政府补偿与市场补偿有机结合"的管理域准则以及"先试点、后推广"的实践域准则。Whether the criterion of soil and water conservation ecological compensation prepared reasonable is the key for smooth implementation of ecological compensation of soil and water conservation.The establishment of the criterion should be based on the principles of propriety in technology,feasible in economy and can be accepted by the society and the ecosystem of taking the damaged or degenerated water and land resources as the main can obtain health again and be beneficial to human's living and development.Considering the theoretical study of the ecological compensation of soil and water conservation is still in the stage of exploration,it deems that the establishment of the compensation mechanism in China must follow the criterions of ethical domain of 'equity',spatial domain of 'classifying,zoning and taking measures suited to local conditions',temporal domain of 'no new bills due and settling more old accounts',management domain of 'organic combination with government compensation and market compensation' and practical domain of 'making experiments first and popularization later' by using the reference of basic criterion of ecological compensation and according to the concrete practice of soil and water conservation in China.

关 键 词：水土保持 生态补偿 机制 准则 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]