糖尿病视网膜病变发病机制及其药物治疗研究进展  

Progress of research on pathogenesis and medical treatment of diabetic retinopathy

作　　者：耿爽[1] 叶俊杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医院眼科,100730

出　　处：《中华眼科杂志》2008年第1期76-81,共6页Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology

摘　　要：糖尿病视网膜病变是糖尿病的常见并发症，研究其发病机制对糖尿病视网膜病变的防治具有重要意义。视网膜神经细胞的病变与微血管病变相同，是糖尿病视网膜病变的重要组成部分，在糖尿病发病初期即可出现，包括神经元细胞的凋亡、神经胶质细胞的改变、炎性递质的释放及谷氨酸盐的正常代谢受损。由于糖尿病视网膜病变在其发生、发展过程中出现白细胞黏附、聚集和移行，血管渗透性增加和血流动力学改变，多种炎性反应因素的参与及其特征性的病理学改变，越来越多的学者认为糖尿病视网膜病变可能是一种慢性、低度炎性反应。目前对糖尿病视网膜病变发病机制的深入研究，将为有效预防和治疗糖尿病视网膜病变开辟新途径。（中华眼科杂志，2008，44：76-81）Diabetic retinopathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus. Studies on the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy are important for the prevention and treatment of this disease. Neurodegeneration and microvascular dysfunction are the major events of diabetic retinopathy happened in the early stage of diabetes mellitus. The pathologic changes include neuron apoptosis, release of inflammatory mediators and impaired glutamate metabolism. Diabetic retinopathy has many pathological changes with inflammatory characteristics. Because of the adhesion and migration of the leucocyte, increased permeability of blood vessel, haemodynamic change and many inflammatory mediators involved in the process of diabetic retinopathy, more and more researchers believe that diabetic retinopathy is a chronic inflammatory disease. These studies provide new notion of mechanisms of diabetic retinopathy and theoretical foundation for the treatment of this disease. Further studies on the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy can provide novel procedures for the prevention and treatment of this disease. （Chin J Opbtbalmol, 2008,44：76-81 ）

关 键 词：糖尿病视网膜病变 神经元 细胞凋亡 药物疗法 

分 类 号：R686[医药卫生—骨科学]