河南省冬小麦干旱规律分析  

Analysis of Drought Patterns of Winter Wheat in Henan Province

作　　者：成林[1] 刘荣花[2] 申双和[1] 李树岩[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学,南京210044 [2]河南省气象科学研究所,郑州450003

出　　处：《气象与环境科学》2007年第4期3-6,共4页Meteorological and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：科技部农业科技成果转化资金项目(2006GB24160426;DSEFN217400415);中国气象局气象新技术推广项目(CMATG2007M38)资助

摘　　要：根据河南省104个气象站1957 2000年降水量资料,以冬小麦全生育期降水负距平（%）为干旱指标,提取不同等级干旱的资料矩阵进行经验正交函数分解,并取主要模态特征向量值和时间系数进行分析,结果表明：河南省冬小麦干旱以轻旱和中旱为主要特征,40余年轻旱、中旱发生频率达59.71%和32.24%;各等级干旱的空间分布均表现为豫北、豫东以及豫西北的部分地区是干旱频发区,而豫西南和豫南地区则是干旱低发区;干旱的时间变化呈波峰波谷交替的振动形式,大规模轻旱2-3a一遇,中旱3-4a一遇,重旱约10a一遇。降水负距平（%）平均值的分布特征可从总体上体现干旱的时空变化规律。Taking precipitation from 1957 to 2000 of 104 meteorological stations in Henan province as basic data, and negative precipitation departure （%） during winter wheat growing season as drought indicators, empirical orthogonal function is exploited to decompose different grades of drought information matrix which achieved from the indicators, and the paper analyzes the characteristic vectors and time co- efficients of the main mode. The results show that the drought characteristics of winter wheat in Henan province is dominated by light and medium drought, whose frequency during the last 40 years was 59.71% and 32.24% separately. Spatial distribution of each type of drought all expresses that the frequently of drought occurred is higher in the area of north, east and part of northwest of the province, while lower in the southwest and south. Temporal distribution is a kind of vibration with wave ridge and wave trough alternated, and widespread light droughts take place every 2-3 years, and medium droughts occur every 3-4 years, and heavy droughts happen every 10 years. Distributional characteristics of the average value of negative precipitation departure can express spatial and temporal patterns of drought synthetically.

关 键 词：冬小麦 干旱规律 降水负距平 

分 类 号：S423[农业科学—植物保护]