梯级与单项水电工程生态环境影响的类比分析  

A Comparative Analysis of Ecological and Environmental Impacts between Cascade Hydropower Station Group and Single Hydropower Station

作　　者：付雅琴[1] 张秋文[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学水电与数字化工程学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《水力发电》2007年第12期5-9,共5页Water Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40672179);科技部重大基础研究前期研究专项(2004CCA02500);教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20040487016)

摘　　要：梯级水电工程群体的生态环境影响与单项水电工程的生态环境影响既有共性也有差别。以"T型矩阵"作为类比分析的工具,首先将水电工程的生态环境影响分为4个类别;然后分别针对每个类别对比梯级水电工程群体与单项水电工程这两类水电开发模式在生态环境影响的因素、空间范围、时间范围、影响程度等方面的相同点和不同点,并提出影响程度"可控性"的概念。结果表明,与单项水电工程相比,梯级水电的整体布局、调度和缓解措施,对于减免其不良生态环境影响的效果将更加明显。In view of the ecological environmental impacts （EEI） of hydroelectric project, there are both commonness and difference between the cascade hydropower station group （CHSG） and a single hydropower station. “T-Matrix” is an effective tool of comparative analysis, and usually, the ecological environmental impacts （EEI） of hydroelectric project can be divided into four categories. Hence, four T-matrixes are adopted to comparatively analyze the CHSG and single hydropower project on aforementioned four categories respectively; and for each matrix, the similarities and differences on four aspects such as impact factors, spatial scale, time scale, and influence degree are described respectively. Moreover, a conception named “controllability of the CHSG” is raised. The results show that compared with an individual hydropower station, the group overall layout, cascade scheduling, and systematic mitigation strategies of the CHSG would play more important roles on controlling those negative impacts.

关 键 词：梯级水电开发 生态环境影响 类比分析 T型矩阵 累积性 系统性 可控性 

分 类 号：X820.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]