海河底泥氮磷营养物静态释放模拟研究  

Release of Phosphorus and Nitrogen from Haihe River Sediments

作　　者：文威[1] 孙学明[1] 孙淑娟[1] 黄岁樑[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2008年第1期295-300,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：天津市科技发展计划项目"海河底泥清淤优化方案研究"(05YFSZSF02100);国家自然科学基金(50479034);南开大学引进人才科研启动项目

摘　　要：海河底泥氮磷污染负荷很高。在分析了海河外环河桥(淡水)、中心桥处水(接近海水)中全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)含量和表层底泥中有机质、TN、TP含量的基础上,采用柱状模拟反应器模拟研究了静态条件下海河底泥N、P释放规律。研究表明,海河外环河桥、中心桥处水体氮磷污染严重。底泥中有机质和TN存在显著相关关系。静态条件下,底泥中氮磷释放有很大差别:原水模拟柱中,无论是外环河桥还是中心桥,上覆水TP浓度都随时间增加而降低,底泥中磷呈负释放;TN浓度变化趋势相同,先降低后略升,总趋势是降低。自来水模拟柱中,外环河桥柱上覆水TP浓度随时间增加而升高,中心桥上覆水TP浓度变化趋势正好相反;TN浓度变化趋势相同,都是随时间增加而升高。高盐度可能会抑制底泥中氮的释放。Haihe River is an alternative water resource of Tianjin city. It is thus significant to study Haihe River pollution for mitigating the shortage of water resources. Based on current state of Haihe River, both the surface water and surface sediments at Waihuanhe Bridge and Zhongxin Bridge of Haihe River mainstream were sampled. Concentrations of phosphorus and nitrogen in the water samples, contents of organic matter, phosphorus and nitrogen in the sediments were determined. In order to study engineering measures to mitigate pollution in Halhe River mainstream, field, static column experiments were conducted to simulate release behaviors of phosphorus and nitrogen from the sediments with Haihe River water and tap water. It was found that the water and surface sediments in Haihe River mainstream were heavily polluted by phosphorus and nitrogen. The concentrations of phosphorus and nitrogen in the water samples at Waihuanhe Bridge and Zhongxin Bridge were 0.563 mg·kg^-1, 0.169 mg·kg^-1 and 5.577 mg·kg^-1, 3.682 mg·kg^-1, respectively. The content of total phosphorus（TN） in the sediments highly related to the content of organic matter. The release behaviors of phosphorus and nitrogen were quite different in the experiments. The release of phosphorus was related to its forms in the sediments, and high salinity may restrain the release of nitrogen from the sediments.

关 键 词：海河 底泥 营养物 模拟研究 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]