甲鱼养殖废水在土壤-植物生态工程系统的处理与利用  

Utilization of Soil-Plant Ecological Engineering Treatment Systems for Chinese Turtle Aquaculture Effluent

作　　者：刘鹰[1] 王玲玲[1] 崔绍荣[2] 苗香雯[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所,山东青岛266071 [2]浙江大学,浙江杭州310029

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2008年第1期306-311,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)课题(2006AA100305);江苏省科技成果转化专项资金项目(BA2005039);国家自然科学基金项目(30671620);国家科技支撑计划项目课题(2006BAD09A03)

摘　　要：以甲鱼养殖温室排放的富含营养物的养殖废水和利用废水栽培蔬菜的生态工程生产系统为研究对象,和商品营养液对比,在4种不同土壤上开展了浇灌甲鱼养殖废水栽培散叶莴苣(生菜)的研究。120d的实验结果表明,用甲鱼废水和营养液分别处理4种土壤的生菜产量差异不显著,但生产上要用甲鱼废水完全替代营养液作为肥料用于土壤栽培,还需对甲鱼废水进行预处理;潮土对甲鱼养殖废水有较大的适应性;甲鱼养殖废水的主要营养元素组成与植物需要相比,P元素和K元素还比较缺乏。用甲鱼类废水处理的4种土壤生菜的含Ca量均大于用营养液处理的4种土壤。Reducing negative environmental impacts from aquaculture activities is a key issue for ensuring long-term sustainability of the industry. Alternately the pollution that the wastewater drained from aquaculture farms has intensified the contradiction between traditional aquaculture and environment control. To develop sustainable aquaculture on the basis of the lowest invest and friendly environment is being extremely urgent. An ecological engineering system, which was composed of Chinese turtle farm wastewater and plastic greenhouse where vegetables were irrigated with wastewater drained from turtle pond, was discussed. The lettuce （Lactuca Sativa L. Var. Longifolia L）, contrasted with commercial nutrient solution, was irrigated with Chinese turtle aquaculture effluent in four soils, red soil, alluvial soil I, alluvial soil Ⅱ and paddy soil. 120 days experiment showed that the lettuce production irrigated with commercial nutrient showed no significant difference compared with that irrigated with Chinese turtle aquaculture effluent, however, the Chinese turtle farm wastewater could completely replace the commercial nutrient in production for irrigation only when it was pretreated. Alluvial soil revealed a favorable adaptability to Chinese turtle farm wastewater.The absence of phosphorus and potassium in Chinese turtle farm wastewater did not meet with the lettuce＂ s normal requirement.Calcium content in the lettuce treated with Chinese turtle aquaculture effluent was more than that of commercial nutrient. This technique based on ecological engineering seems promising for reusing nutrient from intensive aquaculture, but continued research on this type of solution is required.

关 键 词：甲鱼养殖废水 土壤-植物系统 生态工程 散叶莴苣 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]