植物乙醇提取物对椰心叶甲生物活性的影响  

Effects of Plant Alcohol Extracts on Bioactivities of Brontispa longissima Population in Laboratory

作　　者：覃伟权[1] 余凤玉[1] 黄山春[1] 李朝绪[1] 马子龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院椰子研究所,海南文昌571339

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2007年第4期84-88,共5页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：农业部农业结构调整重大技术研究专项(05-09-01A);科研院所社会公益研究专项(2005DIB4J043);中国热带农业科学院科技基金(RKY0430)资助项目

摘　　要：测定了假药、菠萝蜜、含羞草、飞机草、白花篙、腰果等6种植物乙醇提取物对椰心叶甲各龄幼虫和成虫的拒食活性、发育历期和成虫寿命的影响，以及对实验种群增长的控制作用。结果表明，所试植物乙醇提取物中假药乙醇提取物对椰心叶甲的拒食活性最好，在0．01g／mL浓度下，1～5龄幼虫及成虫的拒食率分别为91．52％、71．34％、60．98％、48．98％、43．75％和67．38％。植物乙醇提取物处理后，椰心叶甲发育历期延长。0．01g／mL假药乙醇提取物处理后，椰心叶甲完成1代所需时间为73．58d，明显长于对照的43．34d；而同浓度腰果乙醇提取物处理，椰心叶甲完成1代所需时间为48．06d，与对照无明显差异。对实验种群的作用因子生命表分析，结果表明，各植物乙醇提取物主要影响了椰心叶甲生殖力下降、卵不孵化和1～2龄幼虫死亡，导致种群增长趋势下降，其干扰作用指数分别为0．0108、0．0386、0．1764、0．2458、0．3437和0．5179。Antifeeding activity,development duration,longevity of adults and growth of population of Brontispa longissima were mensurated after Brontispa longissima population was treated in laboratory with alcohol extracts of Piper sarmentosum Roxb., A rtocarpus heterophUus Lam., Mimosa pudica L., Eupatorium odoratum L., A rtemisia argyi Levl. et Vant., and Anacardium occidentale L. The results showed that the extract of P. sarmentosum showed the best antifeeding activity agains＇t B. longissima population. The extract of P. sarmentosum at the concentration of 0.01 g/mL was used to treat larva at 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd,4^th, 5^th and adult ofBrontispa longissima, and their antifeedant rates were 91 .52 %,71.34 %, 60.98 %, 48.98 %,43.75 % and 67.38 % respectively.The alcohol extracts delayed the development duration of B. longissima, and the period of one generation of B. longissima was found to be 73.58 days when treated with 0.01 g/mL of extracts of P. sarmentosum, which was longer than that of the control （43.34 days）.However, one generation of B. longissima lasted for 48.06 days when B. longissima was treated with the same concentration of A.occidentale, which was not obviously longer than that of the control. Analysis of acting factors with life table of population in laboratory showed that the extracts led to decline of fecundity of adult, non-hatch of egg, death of 1^st and 2^nd instar larva, and decline of population. The interference indexes of the population controlled by 6 alcohol extracts were 0.010 8,0.038 6,0.176 4,0.245 8, 0.343 7 and 0.517 9 respectively.

关 键 词：植物次生物 椰心叶甲 拒食作用 发育历期 生命表 种群控制 

分 类 号：S433.5[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]