士绅阶层与晚清“民变”--绅民冲突的历史趋向与时代成因  

Gentry and "Popular Revolts" in the Late Qing Period:Historical Trends and the Causes of Conflict between the Gentry and Common People

作　　者：王先明[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学中国社会史研究中心暨历史学院教授,天津300071

出　　处：《近代史研究》2008年第1期21-33,共13页Modern Chinese History Studies

摘　　要：在持续不绝的晚清"民变"风潮中,绅民冲突呈现出日趋频繁和激烈的走向。日渐突出的绅民冲突,凸现着中国社会结构的深层变动。在从传统走向近代的体制变迁过程中,传统士绅阶层被直接推向了基层社会权力重构的中心,形成了占据地方各项权力资源的士绅——权绅。由此形成的绅、民利益及其关系的冲突和恶化,构成了晚清以来地方社会"民变"大潮持续涌动的基本原因之一。晚清"新政"构成绅权"体制化"扩展的制度性基础,而权绅的"体制化"也就构成了"民变"或"绅民冲突"的制度性根源。In the continuous 'popular revolts' of the late Qing period,conflict between the gentry and common people tended to become more and more frequent and radical.In the transition from the traditional system to a modern system,the traditional gentry was placed directly at the center of the restructuring of social authority,and became a power-holding gentry in control of various local sources of authority.The conflicts of interest and deterioration in the relationship between the gentry and common people thereby formed one of the basic reasons for the continuous 'popular revolts' in local society in the late Qing.The late Qing 'New Policies' formed the basis of an 'institutional enlargement' of gentry power,whereby the 'institutionalization' of powerful gentry formed the institutional seeds for 'popular revolt' or 'conflicts between gentry and common people'.

关 键 词：晚清 士绅阶层 民变 绅民冲突 

分 类 号：K252[历史地理—历史学]