模拟酸雨对油菜(Brassica napus L.)生长、产量及品质的影响  

Effects of simulated acid rain on the growth,yield and quality of rape

作　　者：梁骏[1] 麦博儒[1] 郑有飞[1] 李璐[1] 唐信英[1] 吴荣军[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院,南京210044

出　　处：《生态学报》2008年第1期274-283,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家留学回国人员科研资金资助项目;江苏省"333工程"资助项目;江苏省六大人才高峰资助项目~~

摘　　要：以油菜为供试材料,通过田间试验方法研究了酸雨对农作物生长、产量及品质的胁迫效应。研究结果表明,模拟酸雨胁迫对油菜的生长发育有较大的影响,具体表现为株高、叶面积生长受抑,叶单面鲜重明显降低,且在pH3.1时开始出现外观上的可见伤害;产量的分析结果表明,pH4.1可作为酸雨对油菜产量的影响阈限;品质特征指标分析结果表明,酸雨胁迫会导致油菜粗脂肪含量降低,使可溶性糖含量减少,而且随着酸度增强,粗脂肪与可溶性糖降低幅度越大;酸雨胁迫对可溶性蛋白质的影响阈限在pH5.1与pH4.1之间,对游离氨基酸总量的影响阈限在pH4.1与pH3.1之间,而对还原性糖、总酸度的影响阈限则在pH3.1与pH1.5之间,但以上各指标的确切阈值及酸雨对其影响的具体机理还有待进一步研究。Acid rain is one of the most serious environmental problems worldwide. The effects of physiology and biochemistry of plants have been studied intensively at home and abroad, but few quality of crops, which plays a significant role in the agricultural ecosystem. Purpose of this simulated acid rain on the reports have focus on the study is to elucidate the influence of simulated acid rain on the growth, yield and quality of rape as the subject crop （Brassica napus L. ） through field experiment, so as to provide scientific basis for preventing and controlling the damage to crops from acid rain. According to acid deposition level in Nanjing area and referring to the related data from the Environmental Protection Agency, we obtained the simulated acid rain at pH 5.6 as the control index （CK）, by means of H2SO4 and HNO3 at the ratio of 5 to 1 as the concentration for the rain at the levels of pH 1.5, 3.1,4.1,5.1 and 5.6 measured by the PHS-25B acidometer （the Shanghai Precision Instruments Ltd. Co. ）. Referring to LU Xian-kai et al. about their similar design, we set up 15 small plots （4 m×5 m） in complete accordance with random group design principle, and all these plots were to the north of the NUIST, cultivated in mid September, 2005, with - 0.6 m spacing as a buffer zone, in order to prevent interference. The 15 plots were divided into 5 treatment groups, i.e., （ 1 ） CK （ pHS. 6）, （2） extreme AR （ pH 1.5 ）,（3） strong AR （pH 3.1 ）, （4） moderate AR（ pH 4.1 ）, （5） weak AR （pH 5.1 ）, each repeated in spraying three times. The seeds were well-grown of Qinyou 7 rape, disinfected for 10 min in HgCl2 solution at 1.0g/L concentration, followed by their repeated cleaning in deionized water. And they were sowed in an open field on 21 August, 2005 and interplanted into the plots on 16 September. Starting from the 3-leaf stage, small-size sprayers were used to water the plants at a 10-day interval, separately, with above 5 acid rains as natural precipitation. In each oper

关 键 词：模拟酸雨 油菜 品质 阈值 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]