塔里木河下游丛枝菌根植物的侵染  

Arbuscular mycorrhizaes of common plants infection at the lower reaches of the Tarim River

作　　者：孟晓燕[1] 尹林克[2] 陈理[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学资源与环境学院,新疆乌鲁木齐市830052 [2]中国科学院吐鲁番沙漠植物园,新疆吐鲁番市838008

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2008年第1期102-108,共7页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(90502004);中国科学院重要方向项目(kzcx2-yw-127);中国科学院西部行动计划项目(KZCX2-XB2-03)共同资助

摘　　要：通过对塔里木河下游自然和人工植物群落中的15种主要建群种植物根系菌根的定殖状况的调查及对菌根侵染部位、菌根中的泡囊、丛枝和菌丝的观察,其结果显示:其中11种植物可被AM真菌侵染,占所调查植物种总数的73.33%,野生乡土植物表现出较高的菌根侵染率和侵染强度,其中有84.62%的植物为菌根植物,且乔木、多年生草本和灌木类植物全部为菌根植物,一年生草本植物未见AM真菌侵染;人工引入种蓼科的泡果沙拐枣(Calligonum junceum)和藜科的梭梭柴(Haloxylon ammodendron)均未见有AM真菌侵染。丛枝菌根真菌侵染率、侵染强度与植物所属的科属关系较密切,也与真菌群落所处时空环境及土壤深度有关。Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi （AMF） are important microorganisms in natural ecosystem. There are distribution differences of AM fungi because of the differences in vegetation types and the environment factors. Arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） are the most widespread symbiotic association that formed between plant roots and the AM fungi. Because of its potential influence on the ecosystem processes, the role in determining plant diversity in natural communities and the ability of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to induce a wide variety of growth responses in coexisting plant species, the research on AM has gained much attention. In this paper, the arbuscular mycorrhizal sta- tus in the lower reaches of Tarim River is studied and 15 plant species of the natural and non - natural plant com- munities from the lower reaches of Tarim River are collected and studied. Root samples are cut into pieces of 1.0 - 2.0 cm long, and then surveyed by means of acid stain after the roots are analyzed in alkalin solution. It is found that 11 species （73.33%） of plants which grow at the lower reaches of Tarim River are infected by arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi. The structure （ arbuscule, vesicle and hyphae） of mycorrhizal plants is also observed. With deeper research, it is found that the colonization rate and colonization intensity of AM fungi are higher in natural plants （84.62%） than those in non - natural plants, and all the arbor, perennial herb and shrub plants are mycorrhizal plants; annual grass appeares no AM colonization. The plants＇ colonization rate of AM fungi in Leguminosae is higher than that in other species. The introduced plants such as Calligonum junceum and Haloxylon ammodendron appeares no AM colonization. AM fungi is well acclimatized to the autumn. The results show that mycorrhizal colonization rate and colonization intensity of AM fungi are different among the different species, because they are depended on the family and genus their host plants belong to, and also related to space - time

关 键 词：塔里木河下游 丛枝菌根真菌 侵染率 侵染强度 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]