广东省硇州岛恙虫病疫源地的证实  

Epidemiological Study of Tsutsugamushi Disease in Naozhou Island of Guangdong Province

作　　者：王珊珊[1] 黄佳亮[1] 苏建新[1] 彭桂福[1] 王研[2] 李珉珉[3] 

机构地区：[1]广州军区疾病预防控制中心,广州510507 [2]中山大学附属第三医院,广州510630 [3]暨南大学附属第一医院,广州510630

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2008年第1期58-60,共3页Journal of Tropical Medicine

基　　金：总后勤部卫生部"十五"课题(No.01MB032);广东省自然科学基金(No.7004992)

摘　　要：目的我国广东省硇洲岛位于粤西沿海隶属湛江市,为南亚热带气候,恙虫病发病率高,而国内并无该岛屿恙虫病疫源地特征的记载,本研究对该岛屿作为恙虫病疫源地进行全面的调查与研究。方法疫源地流行病学调查,病原分离与基因检测,宏观预防措施的制定。结果该地区为南亚热带岛屿型疫源地,主要宿主是褐家鼠,主要媒介为地里纤恙螨。从宿主与媒介分离到的恙虫病东方体经基因鉴定主要流行株为Karp株同时还存在Kato株。血清流行病学调查表明该岛居民恙虫病抗体20.6%阳性,部队人群阳性率2.86%。本研究确立了我国硇洲岛恙虫病疫源地类型,针对海岛特点制定了一套预防措施,全面落实预防措施后发病大大减少,尤其是确保了部队在野营、驻训期间没有病例。结论我国广东省硇洲岛是恙虫病疫源地,外来人群尤其要做好防护。Objective Naozhou island is located in the city of Zhanjiang, Guangdong province. This island has a subtropical climate. In recent years, the incidence of Tsutsugamushi disease has increased in ths island, but the exact location of the epidemic areas has not been identified in this region. This study aims to perform epidemiological analysis on the occurrence of Tsutsugamushi disease in this island. Methods Epidemiological methods were employed in this study. Genetic methods were used in the identification of the causative agent Orientia tsutsugamushi. Results The major host for this causative agent is Rattus norvegicu. The major biological vector is Leptotrombidium （Leptotrombidium） deliens. The Orientia tsutsugamushi could be isolated from Rattus norvegicu and Leptotrombidium （ Leptotrombidium ） deliens. Genetic analysis revealed that the epidemic strain is Orientia tsutsugamushi Karp. Serological studies revealed that 20.6% of the populations were seropositive for Orientia tsutsugamushi, while 2.86% of the army was seropositive. Conclusion The epidemiological characteristics of Tsutsugamushi disease on Naozhou island were established. The Naozhou island is an epidemic area of Tsutsugamushi disease. Preventive measures should by given to the army and people coming to this region.

关 键 词：恙虫病 恙虫病东方体 硇洲岛 

分 类 号：R376.2[医药卫生—病原生物学]