多排(层)螺旋CT的辐射剂量表达及其影响因素探讨  

RADIATION DOSIMETRY AND ITS INFLUENCING FACTORS FOR THE MULTI-DETECTOR/SLICE SPIRAL CT

作　　者：白玫[1] 郑钧正[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学宣武医院,北京100053

出　　处：《辐射防护》2008年第1期1-12,共12页Radiation Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(批准号30470531)

摘　　要：多排(层)螺旋CT反映了放射学影像设备与技术的最新进展。它的迅速推广应用有益于临床医学诊断,但同时也增加了受检者医疗照射,随之可能增加一定的电离辐射风险。然而相应的放射防护监测及评价的前提是准确表达并测量其辐射剂量。因此本文侧重辐射剂量学角度,从总结归纳多排(层)螺旋CT的主要特点入手;系统评述X射线CT所致辐射剂量的表征量及其测量或估算方法;进而分析探讨影响多排(层)螺旋CT扫描所致辐射剂量的主要因素。显然,正确掌握这些X射线CT所致辐射剂量的表达及其测量与评价方法,进而统筹兼顾优化提高影像质量与合理降低受检者剂量,已经成为放射防护学界、医学物理学界、临床医学放射学界以及医疗器械研发部门等共同关注的重点和热点。The Multi-Detector/Slice Spiral Computed Tomography （MDCT/MSCT）reflects the new progress in equipment and technology for radiology. Its popularized application demonstrates its advantages for clinical diagnosis. With the continuous development and growing uses of the MDCT/MSCT, the medical exposure of the patients and public has also been increasing. Therefore, assessment of the radiation dose and radiation risk from X-CT has become an increasingly important concern that should be addressed. Thus, this paper summarizes the main characteristics of the MDCT/MSCT emphasizing particularly on the radiation dosimetry, and reviews the expressions and measures of radiation dose in the MDCT/MSCT. In addition, main factors that influence radiation dose from the MDCT/MSCT are also discussed. A proper grasp of its radiation dosimetry and assessment method can significantly help radiologists, health physicists, medical physicists, X-CT engineers and manufacturers improve the management of radiation dose while optimizing the image quality in the MDCT/MSCT.

关 键 词：多排(层)螺旋CT 辐射剂量学 CT剂量指数 影响因素 最优化 

分 类 号：R144[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]