利用SRAP与SSR标记分析不同类型甜菜的遗传多样性  

Analysis of the Genetic Diversity in Different Types of Sugar Beets by SRAP and SSR Markers

作　　者：王华忠[1] 吴则东[1] 王晓武[2] 方智远[2] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省普通高校甜菜遗传育种重点实验室/黑龙江大学 [2]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《作物学报》2008年第1期37-46,共10页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2001AA241192)

摘　　要：为选育优质甜菜新品种,指导种质资源引进和利用,为进行分子标记辅助选择育种提供科学依据,采用SRAP和SSR两种分子标记方法相结合,对甜菜单胚雄性不育系及保持系等49份材料进行遗传多样性分析。利用4个表型差异显著的甜菜品系对SRAP的64对引物组合及SSR的11对引物组合进行扩增,分别筛选出有效引物组合11对和9对。SRAP的11对引物组合共产生199条扩增带,其中有86条多态性带,多态性带的比率平均为43.7%。SSR的9对引物共产生35条扩增带,多态性比率为100%。全部材料的平均遗传距离为0.3860,平均遗传相似系数为0.6795,大约30%的材料遗传距离或遗传相似系数具显著或极显著差异。遗传相似系数平均值比较,多胚四倍体品系0.7264>单胚杂交组合0.7243>国外品种0.7060>多胚二倍体品系0.6908>单胚品系0.6837。在遗传距离0.20处,将49个甜菜材料划分为A、B、C、D4个类群,D类群又分为4个亚类,较好地显示了甜菜材料丰富的遗传多样性。表明不同甜菜品种具有相当高的异质性,国外与国内材料的遗传基础存在一定差异,但生产应用的甜菜品种间存在亲缘关系较近、遗传基础较窄的倾向。Sugar beet （Beta vulgaris L.） is one of the most important sugar crops in the world. However, the application of molecular markers in sugar beet greatly lags behind that in other field crops. In the present study SRAP and SSR markers were employed to investigate the genetic diversity and relationships of sugar beet in order to make full use of germplasm reasonably, to select parents for breeding programs accurately, to improve breeding efficiency and to identify target cultivars quickly. We analyzed 49 sugar beet accessions, including monogerm lines （including male sterilities and maintainors）, polygerm tetraploids, polygerm diploids, F1 of monogerm cross combinations, and foreign varieties introduced. All these materials are conserved at Sugar Beet Research Institute, CAAS. In a preliminary experiment, four accessions markedly distinct in phenotype were used to screen 64 pairs of SRAP primers and 11 pairs of SSR primers. Finally, 11 pairs of SRAP primers and nine pairs of SSR primers were selected and used for the present study. A total of 199 SRAP bands （including 86 polymorphic bands） were detected and one primer pair produced 18.0 bands on average （including 7.8 polymorphic bands）. The ratio of polymorphic SRAP bands was from 33.3% to 62.5%, with an average of 43.7%. The selected SSR primers yielded 35 bands, with an average of 3.9 per primer pair, and the ratio of polymorphism was as high as 100%. The average genetic distance in the 49 accessions was 0.3860 and the average genetic similarity was 0.6795. About 30% of accessions were significantly different in average genetic distance or genetic similarity. The highest genetic similarity occurred between polygerm tetraploid lines （0.7264）, followed by that between F1 of monogerm cross combinations （0.7243） and that between foreign varieties introduced （0.7060）, while the lowest one was found between monogerm lines （0.6837）. The 49 accessions were divided into A, B, C and D groups based on cluster analysis. About 40% of accession

关 键 词：甜菜 SSR标记 SRAP标记 遗传多样性 亲缘关系 

分 类 号：S566.3[农业科学—作物学]