海南省1990～2005年甲型病毒性肝炎流行特征分析  

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis A of Hainan Province in 1990～2005

作　　者：李臻[1] 陈少珠[1] 陈蕊[1] 陈丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南省疾病预防控制中心,海南海口570203

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2008年第2期192-192,200,共2页China Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析海南省1990～2004年甲型病毒性肝炎流行特征,为制定甲肝控制策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对海南省1990～2005年法定传染病报告的甲肝疫情资料进行统计分析。结果1990～2005年海南省共计报告甲肝病人15388例,年平均发病率为13.01/10万,1991年发病率最高(20.82/10万),2002年发病率最低(5.66/10万),以散发为主,偶有暴发点出现。各市县均有病例发生,发病率最高为陵水县(36.2/10万),最低为白沙县(3.46/10万)。一年四季均有病例发生,春夏为季节高峰。职业以农民为主,年龄以5～9岁组最多,男女发病数之比约为2:1。结论海南省存在甲肝暴发流行的潜在危险。应采取在适龄儿童及高危人群中接种甲肝疫苗,提高人群免疫力,同时加强食品卫生管理和健康教育等综合防治措施。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis A in Hainan Province in 1990 - 2005 so as to provide scientific evidences for formulating control strategy. Methods The reported epidemic data of viral hepatitis A of 1990 - 2005 in Hainan Province was statistically analyzed with descriptive epidemiologieal methods. Results Totally 15 388 eases were reported in Hainan Province from 1990 to 2005, with the annual average incidence rate of 13.01/100000. The higtest incidence rate appeared in 1991（20.82/100000）,and the lowest in 2002（5.66/100000）. Viral hepatitis A eases were reported in all cities or counties, with the highest incidence rate of 36.2/100000 in Lingshui City, and the lowest incidence rate of 3.46/100000 in Baisha City. There were viral hepatitis A eases reported in the whole years, with the epidemic peak in the spring. Most of them were peasants mainly in the age group of 5 - 9 years old. The ratio of male to female was 2 ： 1. Conclusion There is potential risk of outbreak and epidemic of viral hepatitis A. Comprehensive control Seasures should include viral hepatitis A vaccination in the children and high - risk populations, strengthening the administration of food sanitation, health education and so on.

关 键 词：甲型病毒性肝炎 发病率 流行特征 

分 类 号：R512.61[医药卫生—内科学]