黄河河口对下游河道反馈影响研究  

Study on Influence of the Yellow River Estuary to Feedback of the Lower Channel

作　　者：王恺忱[1] 王开荣[1] 陈孝田[1] 茹玉英[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《人民黄河》2008年第1期18-21,共4页Yellow River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50339050)

摘　　要：以花园口河段和利津—渔洼河段为例,对黄河河口给下游河道带来的反馈影响进行了研究,认为:花园口河段短时段的冲淤主要与来水来沙条件有关,而利津至改道点河段短时段的冲淤则主要受制于河口基准面的状况;黄河下游同流量水位、河段冲淤量和尾闾河段河长3方面演变发展过程的转折点均位于与河口改道相关的1953年、1975年和1996年;河口河段和下游河道的冲淤及水位升降均与河口尾闾入海流路的长度相应,只有当尾闾入海流路的长度超过改道前流路长度时,河口河段和下游河道水位方出现不再下降的稳定升高。同时证实了河口尾闾入海流路的绝对长度是河口河段及下游河道冲淤幅度和发展趋势的制约因素;黄河下游宏观的淤积趋势属于溯源淤积性质,河口基准面的影响波及整个黄河下游冲积性河段。It studies the feedback influence of the Yellow River estuary to the lower reaches by taking Huayuankou section and Lijin-Yuwa section as examples.It deems that short time interval scour and fill of Huayuankou section is mainly related with the conditions of coming water and sediment,while Lijin-Gaidaodian section is mainly controlled by the datum surface of the estuary;the turning point of evolution and development process of same discharge water level of the lower reaches,scour and fill of the section and section length of the sink all in 1953,1975 and 1996 that correlated with estuary diversion and;the scour and fill and water level increase and decrease of the estuary and the lower channel are all relevant with the length of flow path to the sea of the estuary,only when the length of flow path of the sink is longer than that of before diversion,the water level of the estuary and lower channel will be increased steadily.It verifies that the absolute length of flow path of the sink is a restrict factor of scour and fill range and development trend of the estuary and the lower channel and;the macro sedimentation trend of the lower Yellow River belongs to backward deposition and the influence of datum surface of the estuary involves the whole alluvial section of the lower river.

关 键 词：反馈影响 河道演变 利津-渔洼河段 花园口河段 河口 黄河 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] TV856