世界自然遗产地面临的威胁及中国的保护对策  

Threats on the World Heritage Natural Sites and China's Conservation Countermeasures

作　　者：周年兴[1] 林振山[1] 黄震方[1] 潘刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京210046

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2008年第1期25-32,共8页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40471050);国家"211"二期工程重大资助项目

摘　　要：中国的自然遗产事业方兴未艾,但自然遗产地的保护状况令人担忧。论文以广泛的基础资料收集为前提,分析论证了自然遗产地保护的完整性原则,并对全球范围内世界自然遗产地的威胁因素进行了定量化统计评价。结合中国世界自然遗产地的保护状况,提出了中国自然遗产地的保护对策。With the subscription on the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage and going deep into the conservation and management, China＇ s natural heritage movement flourished. But the conservation is not ideal. On the basis of the extensive information collecting, the principle of integrity for the conservation of the natural heritage sites was put forward and the studies on the threats of worldwide natural heritage sites were carried out. It is confirmed that there is difference between the OECD and Non-OECD countries in the threats for those of the Non-OECD countries mainly include hunting, logging and poor management while the OECD countries are introduced species. Tourism pressure, mining and road construction are the common threats. Dam construction, natural disaster, and surrounding pollution may be the potential threats. The conservation status of China＇ s nine world natural heritage sites （ five natural sites and four mixed sites） are also discussed. Among China＇ s threats of natural heritage sites, tourism pressure ranks first, and then management constrains, dam construction, road construction and natural disaster. The countermeasures for conserving China＇ s natural heritage sites are put forward： （1） from the point of theory, the theory on natural conservation should be reconstructed based on the principle of integrity ; （2） from the point of practice, the threats of tourism develop- ment, dam construction and introduced species should be dealt with urgently;（3） from the point of institution, the authenticity and responsibility of the central government should be strengthened, the management system be consolidated, laws and regulations be formulated, etc.

关 键 词：世界自然遗产 威胁 保护 中国 

分 类 号：G114[文化科学]