高速公路隧道进出口视觉适应实验  

Experimental studies of visual adaptation on driving through freeway tunnel'sentrance and exit

作　　者：杜志刚[1] 潘晓东[1] 郭雪斌[2] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室 [2]杭州市城市规划编制中心,杭州310027

出　　处：《哈尔滨工业大学学报》2007年第12期1998-2001,共4页Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology

基　　金：西部交通建设科技基金资助项目(20043182233307)

摘　　要：高速公路隧道进出口亮度的急剧变化,直接影响驾驶行为,甚至导致交通事故.利用照度仪、加速度采集仪、EMR-8B眼动仪等设备,通过对隧道进出口驾驶员的瞳孔变化等进行大量行车实验和分析证明,隧道内距进出口50 m范围,驾驶员瞳孔面积与隧道进出口照度成幂函数关系,驾驶员瞳孔面积变化速度可作为隧道进出口的行车安全评价指标.统计分析表明,基于行车安全的驾驶员瞳孔面积变化临界速度在-6 mm2s-1到4 mm2s-1之间,研究还得出了基于视觉适应的隧道进出口照明公式.Luminance＇ s sharp variation when driving through the freeway tunnel＇ s entrance and exit will engender driver＇ s behaviors, even lead to traffic accident. Analysis was concucted by using illumination meter, acceleration collection meter, EMR -8B system,etc, based on many experiments of driver＇s pupil variety during freeway tunnel＇ s entrance and exit. The analysis results presented that driver＇ s pupil area had power functional relationship with road illuminance at the distance of 50 m to the tunnel＇s entrance and exit, and driver＇s variety velocity of pupil area could be taken as evaluation index of driving safety when driving through the freeway tunnel＇s entrance and exit. The statistical analysis also indicated that variety velocity of pupil area should be between -6 mm^2/s and 4 mm^2/s based on driving safety. Furthermore, rational luminance formula of tunnel＇s entrance and exit was elicited based on visual adaptation.

关 键 词：隧道进出口 瞳孔面积 视觉适应 安全指标 隧道照明 

分 类 号：U412.34[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]