“黑土型”退化草地优良牧草筛选试验  

The Selection Experiment of Fine Forages in 'Black Soil Type' Degraded Grasslands

作　　者：施建军[1] 马玉寿[1] 董全民[1] 王彦龙[1] 王柳英[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省畜牧兽医科学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《草地学报》2007年第6期543-549,555,共8页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金："十五"国家科技攻关计划重大项目(2001BA606A-04)

摘　　要：在青海省玛沁县乳品厂"黑土型"退化草地,引入13属30个草种,经4年淘汰,筛选出9属17个草种。其中,干草产量最高的是垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans),达14585 kg/hm2;能完成生育期的有12个草种,短芒老芒麦(Elymus breviaristatum)种子产量最高(1832 kg/hm2);不能完成生育期的有5种,但产草量都比较高,叶量丰富,适应性强,尤其是无芒雀麦(Bromus inermus)和赖草(Leymus secalinus)根茎繁殖力强,形成草皮快。试验表明,筛选出的17个草种在"黑土型"退化草地上有很好的适应性和推广价值。该研究为进一步选育牧用价值高,恢复退化草地能力强的优良牧草品种奠定了基础。Seventeen forage species of 9 genus were selected based on 4-year experimental investigation on 30 introduced forage species of 13 genus in ＂Black Soil Type＂ degraded grassland in Maqin county, Qinghai Province. Among the 17 species, Elymus nutans Griseb. had the highest hay yield at 14585 kg/hm^2. There were 12 forage species which were able to complete the whole growth period. Elymus breviaristaturn （Keng） Keng had the upmost seed yield at 1832 kg/hm^2. There were five species could not complete the whole growth period, but they showed good characteristics such as high forage yield, high leaf component, and strong adaptability. Especially, Bromus inermus Leyss. and Leyrnus secalinus （Georgi） Tzvel. showed great rhizome regeneration abilities and fast seedling establishment. The results show that the 17 selected forage species had good adaptability and extension value in ＇Black Soil Type＇ degraded grasslands.

关 键 词：“黑土型”退化草地 筛选 越冬率 生长性能 产草量 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]