湖州市病毒性肝炎血清流行病学调查  

Survey of Blood Epidemiology of Viral Hepatitis in Huzhou City

作　　者：韩建康[1] 姚文庭[1] 金玫华[1] 沈建勇[1] 邹勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖州市疾病预防控制中心,浙江313000

出　　处：《中国计划免疫》2007年第6期552-555,共4页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：湖州市社会发展科研基金支持项目(No:2006YS15)

摘　　要：目的了解湖州市自然人群病毒性肝炎感染情况与流行病学特征。方法在湖州市按农村山区、平原水乡、城镇,随机抽取1 666名健康人为研究对象,用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清甲型肝炎(甲肝)病毒抗体(抗-HAV)、乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)、乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗-HBc)、乙肝病毒e抗原(HBeAg)、乙肝病毒e抗体(抗-HBe)、丙型肝炎(丙肝)病毒抗体(抗-HCV)、戊型肝炎(戊肝)病毒抗体(抗-HEV),同时调查相关危险因素。结果湖州市自然人群的HAV、乙肝病毒(HBV)、HEV标化流行率分别为53.93%、36.47%、38.88%,抗-HCV阳性2例,未发现丁型肝炎病毒(HDV)感染者;HAV流行率与年龄呈正相关(r=0.944),城镇、平原水乡HAV流行率的差异有非常显著的统计学意义(P<0.01);HBV流行率<10岁儿童最低,为4.93%;HBsAg携带率为4.14%,<10岁儿童携带率为0;人群HBV标志物存在11种不同组合模式。HEV流行率随年龄增长而逐渐升高(r=0.993),城镇和平原水乡与山区HEV流行率的差异有非常显著的统计学意义(P<0.001),且存在家庭聚集性现象。结论湖州市病毒性肝炎主要流行型别为甲、乙、戊型,流行病学特征各不相同;HEV流行率较高,HBV流行率较低,HCV流行率低,未发现HDV感染者;HBsAg携带率低;乙肝疫苗接种效果明显。Objective To understand the infectious status and blood epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis in Huzhou City. Methods 1 666 people were selected from the three areas of mountain areas,plain water countries and towns in Huzhou City by the method of multistage cluster random sampling. The serological makers of anti HAV, HBsAg, anti HBs, anti-HBc, HBeAg,anti-HB,anti-HCV and anti-HEV were detected by ELISA,and the related risk factors were investigated also. Results The standardized prevalence rate of HAV, HBV, HEV were 53. 93%,36. 47% and 38. 88% respectively in Huzhou. Two participants were found to be positive for anti-HCV, HDV infected was not found. The HAV prevalence rate between mountain areas and towns has statistical significance,and it was positively correlated with age（r= 0. 944）. The HBV Prevalence rate of children under ten was 4. 93% ,which was the lowest among the sampling population. HBsAg carrying rate was 4.14%, but 0% for the children under 10. There were 15 distinct combination patterns of HBV markers in the study population. The prevalence rate of hepatitis increased with age（r=0. 993） ,and the rate in towns and plain water countries was higher obviously than that in mountain areas. The phenomenon of family foci also could be found. Conclusion In Huzhou City there were three main types of hepatitis with different epidemiologi cal characteristics： Hepatitis A,B, and E. The Prevalence rate was relatively higher for Hepatitis E and A, lower for Hepatitis B but low for Hepatitis,C. Hepatitis D was not found yet, The carrying rate of HBsAg is low. Vaccination against Hepatitis B produced obvious results.

关 键 词：病毒性肝炎 流行率 流行病学特征 预防接种 

分 类 号：R512.6[医药卫生—内科学]